7.1.1 Humanistic Theory (Rogers)

• What is the central focus of the Humanistic Theory proposed by Carl Rogers?

  Self-actualization
• The Humanistic Theory emphasizes the importance of self-concept in how an individual perceives themselves.
• Congruence between the ideal self and the real self is crucial for a positive self-concept
• What are the two aspects of self-concept identified by Rogers?

  Ideal self and real self
• Congruence between the ideal and real self leads to better mental health and positive self-concept.
• Steps in achieving congruence according to Rogers

  1️⃣ Identify ideal self

  2️⃣ Identify real self

  3️⃣ Work towards aligning ideal and real self
• What does the actual self represent in Rogers' theory?

  Current self-perception
• The ideal self encompasses aspirations and values
• Match the concepts with their definitions:

  Actual self ↔️ Current self-perception

  Ideal self ↔️ Desired self-image
• What does the Humanistic Theory emphasize regarding self-perception?

  Self-concept
• Congruence between the ideal self and real self is crucial for well-being.
• What is an example of congruence according to the Humanistic Theory?

  Valuing and acting honestly
• Carl Rogers proposed the Humanistic Theory, which emphasizes self-actualization
• How did Carl Rogers view the self in terms of self-actualization?

  As a dynamic process
• Rogers identified two aspects of self-concept: ideal self and real self.
• Match the aspects of self-concept with their descriptions:

  Ideal self ↔️ What one aspires to be

  Real self ↔️ Current self-perception
• What are conditions of worth in the Humanistic Theory?

  External criteria for approval
• Conditions of worth can lead to conditional self-acceptance
• Match the aspects with their descriptions under conditions of worth:

  Self-esteem with conditions ↔️ Contingent on external criteria

  Self-esteem without conditions ↔️ Unconditional and stable
• A child praised only for academic success may develop conditions of worth.
• What are the three key therapy techniques proposed by Carl Rogers?

  Empathy, unconditional positive regard, genuineness
• One of Rogers' therapy techniques is empathy, which involves understanding clients without judgment
• Unconditional positive regard means accepting clients as they are, regardless of their behavior.
• How can Rogers' therapy techniques help a patient with anxiety?

  By creating a safe environment
• The Humanistic Theory emphasizes self-concept, or how an individual perceives themselves.
• The self-concept refers to how an individual perceives themselves.
• Congruence between the ideal self and the real self is crucial for a positive self-concept and well-being.
• Match the key concepts of the Humanistic Theory with their definitions:

  Self-actualization ↔️ Becoming the best version of oneself

  Self-concept ↔️ How an individual perceives themselves
• Carl Rogers believed that the self is a dynamic process of self-actualization.
• Rogers identified the ideal self and the real self as two aspects of self-concept.
• Rogers emphasized that congruence between the ideal and real self leads to better mental health.
• An example of congruence is valuing honesty and acting honestly.
• What does the ideal self represent in Rogers' theory?

  Desired self-image
• Conditions of worth develop when acceptance is contingent upon meeting specific criteria.
• Conditional self-acceptance can lead to fragile self-esteem.
• What type of self-acceptance fosters stable and resilient self-esteem?

  Unconditional self-acceptance
• Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of clients without judgment.
• Order the three key therapy techniques employed by Carl Rogers:

  1️⃣ Empathy

  2️⃣ Unconditional Positive Regard

  3️⃣ Genuineness
• What does unconditional positive regard involve in therapy?

  Accepting clients as they are
• Genuineness in therapy means being authentic and transparent with clients.