7.3.1 Structure of the Heart

• The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
• What is the function of the atria in the heart?

  Receive blood
• The ventricles are responsible for pumping blood out of the heart.
• The septum is a wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart
• What do the valves in the heart ensure?

  One-way blood flow
• Match the heart structure with its function:

  Atria ↔️ Receive blood

  Ventricles ↔️ Pump blood out

  Septum ↔️ Separates left and right sides

  Valves ↔️ Ensure one-way flow
• What is the purpose of the heart's structure?

  Efficient blood circulation
• The septum prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart.
• The valves in the heart ensure one-way blood flow between the atria and ventricles, and from the ventricles to the arteries
• Order the layers of the heart wall from outermost to innermost:

  1️⃣ Epicardium

  2️⃣ Myocardium

  3️⃣ Endocardium
• Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for generating the force needed to pump blood?

  Myocardium
• The epicardium contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the heart.
• The heart has four chambers: the left and right atria, and the left and right ventricles
• What is the outermost layer of the heart called?

  Epicardium
• The middle layer of the heart, responsible for pumping blood, is the myocardium
• The endocardium lines the heart chambers and covers the valves.
• Match the heart layer with its primary function:

  Epicardium ↔️ Protects the heart

  Myocardium ↔️ Pumps blood

  Endocardium ↔️ Lines heart chambers
• Order the flow of blood through the heart chambers starting with the right atrium:

  1️⃣ Right atrium

  2️⃣ Right ventricle

  3️⃣ Left atrium

  4️⃣ Left ventricle
• Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

  Left atrium
• The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
• The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body
• What are the three layers of the heart wall?

  Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
• The middle layer of the heart wall, the myocardium, is composed of cardiac muscle cells
• Each layer of the heart wall plays a crucial role in its ability to function efficiently.
• Match the heart valve with its location and function:

  Tricuspid Valve ↔️ Right atrium and right ventricle; Prevents backflow

  Mitral Valve ↔️ Left atrium and left ventricle; Prevents backflow

  Pulmonary Valve ↔️ Right ventricle and pulmonary artery; Prevents backflow

  Aortic Valve ↔️ Left ventricle and aorta; Prevents backflow
• Which major blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?

  Aorta
• The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium.
• Coronary veins drain deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into the right atrium
• Match the coronary vessel with its function:

  Coronary Arteries ↔️ Supply oxygen to the myocardium

  Coronary Veins ↔️ Drain deoxygenated blood from the myocardium
• What is the function of the atria in the heart?

  Receive blood
• The myocardium is responsible for contracting and pumping blood.
• The endocardium ensures smooth blood flow by lining the heart chambers and covering the valves
• Match the heart valve with its location and function:

  Tricuspid Valve ↔️ Between right atrium and right ventricle; Prevents backflow

  Mitral Valve ↔️ Between left atrium and left ventricle; Prevents backflow

  Pulmonary Valve ↔️ Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery; Prevents backflow

  Aortic Valve ↔️ Between left ventricle and aorta; Prevents backflow
• Which major blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?

  Aorta
• The coronary arteries supply oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium