6.2.1 Non-Specific Immune Responses

• What is non-specific immunity also referred to as?

  First line of defense
• The skin acts as a physical barrier to prevent pathogen entry
• Stomach acid is a chemical barrier that kills pathogens ingested with food.
• What antimicrobial enzyme is found in saliva?

  Lysozyme
• Sweat contains antimicrobial peptides that help maintain the skin barrier
• What is the function of the skin as a physical barrier?

  Prevents pathogen entry
• Stomach acid kills many pathogens ingested with food.
• Saliva contains antimicrobial enzymes that cleanse the mouth
• Which tract do mucous membranes line?

  Respiratory, digestive, reproductive
• Mucous membranes trap pathogens and prevent them from invading tissues.
• What type of barrier is the skin in non-specific immunity?

  Physical barrier
• Mucous membranes prevent pathogens from entering tissues
• Which chemical barrier kills pathogens in the stomach?

  Stomach acid
• Tears contain lysozyme, which breaks down bacterial cell walls.
• The skin is a tough, waterproof barrier that prevents pathogen entry
• What is the role of mucous membranes in immunity?

  Trap pathogens
• Antimicrobial peptides in sweat help maintain the skin barrier.
• Stomach acid kills ingested pathogens
• What are examples of physical barriers against pathogens?

  Skin and mucous membranes
• The skin is a waterproof barrier that prevents pathogen entry.
• Mucous membranes trap pathogens in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts
• Which chemical barrier breaks down bacterial cell walls?

  Lysozyme
• Antimicrobial peptides in sweat help maintain the skin barrier.
• Match the chemical barrier with its function:

  Lysozyme ↔️ Breaks down bacterial cell walls

  Stomach acid ↔️ Kills ingested pathogens

  Antimicrobial peptides ↔️ Maintain skin barrier
• What are chemical barriers used for in the body?

  Defending against pathogens
• Lysozyme in tears and saliva breaks down bacterial cell walls
• Stomach acid kills pathogens ingested with food.
• Where are antimicrobial peptides found in the body?

  Sweat
• Lysozyme in tears and saliva breaks down bacterial cell walls
• Stomach acid kills ingested pathogens.
• What is the function of antimicrobial peptides in sweat?

  Maintain skin barrier
• Lysozyme in tears and saliva breaks down bacterial cell walls
• Antimicrobial peptides in sweat help maintain the skin barrier
• Stages of phagocytosis

  1️⃣ Chemotaxis

  2️⃣ Adherence

  3️⃣ Ingestion

  4️⃣ Digestion

  5️⃣ Exocytosis
• What is the role of non-specific immunity?

  First line of defense
• The skin acts as a physical barrier
• Match the component of non-specific immunity with its function:

  Skin ↔️ Prevents pathogen entry

  Mucous membranes ↔️ Trap pathogens
• What does stomach acid kill in the body?

  Pathogens in food
• What is non-specific immunity defined as?

  First line of defense
• The skin acts as a physical barrier to prevent pathogen entry