5.1.3 Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

• What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

  $6CO_{2} +$$6H_{2}O \xrightarrow{light} C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} +$$6O_{2}$
• In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are the reactants
• Water availability is a key factor affecting photosynthesis.
• What happens to photosynthesis at low light intensity?

  It is limited
• Temperature affects enzyme activity
• Light saturation occurs when increasing light intensity no longer increases the photosynthetic rate.
• Why is photosynthesis limited at low light intensity?

  Insufficient energy
• At light saturation, other factors such as carbon dioxide concentration become limiting
• Carbon dioxide concentration is a key factor affecting photosynthesis.
• What happens to photosynthesis when carbon dioxide concentration is low?

  It is limited
• Optimal temperatures promote photosynthesis by affecting enzyme activity
• Water stress in plants can limit photosynthesis.
• Low carbon dioxide concentration limits photosynthesis.
• Optimal temperatures promote enzyme activity
• Water stress due to lack of water availability limits photosynthesis
• Light intensity refers to the amount of light a plant receives
• Low light intensity results in limited photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis reaches light saturation at high light intensity
• Increasing light intensity beyond saturation does not increase photosynthesis.
• Carbon dioxide concentration refers to the amount of CO$_{2}$ in the surrounding atmosphere
• Order the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and photosynthetic rate:

  1️⃣ Low CO_{2}</latex> limits photosynthesis

  2️⃣ Moderate CO$_{2}$ increases photosynthesis

  3️⃣ High CO$_{2}$ leads to saturation
• Low CO$_{2}$ concentrations can significantly limit photosynthesis
• Temperature affects photosynthesis by influencing the activity of enzymes
• Rubisco functions most effectively at temperatures around 25-30°C.
• At high temperatures, enzymes can become denatured
• Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose
• The chemical equation for photosynthesis is 6CO_{2} + 6H_{2}O \xrightarrow{light} C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} + 6O_{2}</latex>
• In the chemical equation for photosynthesis, light is the energy source
• What are the four key factors affecting photosynthesis?

  Light intensity, CO$_{2}$ concentration, temperature, water availability
• Low light intensity limits the rate of photosynthesis
• Optimal temperatures promote enzyme activity, which in turn increases photosynthesis
• Match the factor with its effect on photosynthesis:

  Light Intensity ↔️ Increases rate up to a point

  Carbon Dioxide Concentration ↔️ Enhances rate to saturation

  Temperature ↔️ Affects enzyme activity

  Water Availability ↔️ Ensures proper hydration
• What happens to photosynthesis when water stress occurs?

  It is limited
• The overall equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO_{2} +6H_{2}O \xrightarrow{light} C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} + 6O_{2}</latex>. The light in this equation is represented as energy
• At high light intensity, photosynthesis plateaus due to light saturation.
• When carbon dioxide reaches saturation levels, other factors become limiting
• What is the optimal temperature range for photosynthesis?

  25-30°C
• Order the relationship between water level and photosynthetic rate:

  1️⃣ High water level: Optimal photosynthesis

  2️⃣ Low water level: Reduced photosynthesis

  3️⃣ Water stress: Stomata close to conserve water
• Excessive chlorophyll concentration can lead to a plateau in the photosynthetic rate
• What happens to the overall photosynthetic rate when one factor becomes limiting?

  It is constrained