3.1.3 Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

• What is a key feature of prokaryotic cells?

  Absence of a true nucleus
• The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is located in a nucleoid region.
• Prokaryotic cells have a simpler structure compared to eukaryotic cells.
• What type of DNA do prokaryotic cells have?

  Circular DNA plasmids
• What are common examples of prokaryotic cells?

  \textit{E. coli} and archaea
• Eukaryotic cells possess a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
• Eukaryotic cells contain genetic material in the form of linear DNA chromosomes.
• What are examples of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells?

  Mitochondria, ER, Golgi
• Eukaryotic cells are larger in size compared to prokaryotic cells.
• What are common examples of eukaryotic cells?

  Plant and animal cells
• What is a key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells regarding their nucleus?

  Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells have a true nucleus.

  False
• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles.
• What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

  0.1-5 μm
• Eukaryotic cells have circular DNA plasmids.

  False
• Which cell type has linear DNA chromosomes?

  Eukaryotic cells
• Which organelle is present in eukaryotic cells but absent in prokaryotic cells?

  Nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells contain linear chromosomes.

  False
• Are membrane-bound organelles present in prokaryotic cells?

  No
• Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller
• Match the cell type with its example:

  Eukaryotic ↔️ Human cells

  Prokaryotic ↔️ Bacteria
• What type of DNA do prokaryotic cells have?

  Circular DNA
• Prokaryotic cells are typically between 10-100 μm in size.

  False
• Match the organelle with its presence in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:

  Mitochondria ↔️ Eukaryotic only

  Ribosomes ↔️ Both

  Chloroplasts ↔️ Eukaryotic plant cells only
• What is the cell wall of prokaryotic cells made of?

  Peptidoglycan
• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid region instead of a true nucleus.
• Prokaryotic cells contain circular DNA plasmids
• What type of DNA do eukaryotic cells have?

  Linear DNA
• Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.
• Arrange the following structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells from basic to complex:

  1️⃣ Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus.

  2️⃣ Prokaryotes have circular DNA plasmids.

  3️⃣ Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles.

  4️⃣ Eukaryotic cell walls are made of cellulose or chitin.
• Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and less complex
• What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

  0.1-5 μm
• Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  False
• What is the size range of prokaryotic cells?

  0.1-5 μm
• What is the complexity level of prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

  Simpler
• Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and less complex
• Eukaryotic cells range in size from 10 to 100 μm.
• What is a key difference in complexity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Membrane-bound organelles
• Eukaryotic cells are more complex due to membrane-bound organelles.