2.3.1 Transcription

Cards (57)

  • The enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription is RNA polymerase
  • Arrange the steps of transcription in the correct order.
    1️⃣ Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA.
    2️⃣ Elongation: RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides.
    3️⃣ Termination: mRNA transcript is released; polymerase detaches from DNA.
  • Transcription is directly related to gene expression.
  • What are the three main phases of transcription?
    Initiation, elongation, termination
  • Match each phase of transcription with its correct description and key components.
    Initiation ↔️ RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA; RNA polymerase, promoter
    Elongation ↔️ RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides; RNA polymerase, DNA, nucleotides
    Termination ↔️ mRNA transcript is released; polymerase detaches from DNA; Termination signal
  • What is the definition of transcription in biology?
    DNA to mRNA conversion
  • Where does transcription occur in prokaryotes?
    Cytoplasm
  • In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus
  • Transcription in prokaryotes occurs in the nucleus.
    False
  • Prokaryotes have a nuclear membrane to separate DNA during transcription.
    False
  • What structures are associated with transcription in the eukaryotic nucleus?
    Nuclear membrane, chromatin
  • RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA using a DNA template
  • What region on DNA does RNA polymerase bind to during initiation?
    Promoter
  • RNA polymerase detaches from DNA after recognizing a termination signal.
  • Match the organism type with the role of RNA polymerase during transcription.
    Prokaryotes ↔️ Synthesizes mRNA directly in cytoplasm; Single type of RNA polymerase
    Eukaryotes ↔️ Synthesizes mRNA in nucleus; Multiple types of RNA polymerase
  • What is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template during transcription?
    RNA polymerase
  • Order the phases of transcription in prokaryotes
    1️⃣ Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA
    2️⃣ Elongation: RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand
    3️⃣ Termination: RNA polymerase detaches from DNA
  • RNA polymerase interacts with DNA in the same way in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
    False
  • In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA in the nucleus
  • Match the phase of transcription with its description:
    Initiation ↔️ RNA polymerase binds to the promoter
    Elongation ↔️ RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to mRNA
    Termination ↔️ RNA polymerase detaches from DNA
  • Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes.
  • In prokaryotes, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
  • Which structures are associated with transcription in eukaryotes?
    Nuclear membrane, chromatin
  • Why does transcription occur in the nucleus in eukaryotes?
    1️⃣ DNA is protected
    2️⃣ Transcription factors are present
    3️⃣ RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA
  • Match the organism type with the location of transcription:
    Prokaryotes ↔️ Cytoplasm
    Eukaryotes ↔️ Nucleus
  • Transcription converts a sequence of DNA into a sequence of mRNA
  • What is the primary role of RNA polymerase in transcription?
    Synthesize mRNA
  • RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA during initiation
  • RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides during elongation.
  • What signal causes RNA polymerase to detach from DNA during termination?
    Termination signal
  • In prokaryotes, RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA directly in the cytoplasm
  • Where does RNA polymerase synthesize mRNA in eukaryotes?
    Nucleus
  • Steps of transcription in the correct order
    1️⃣ Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA.
    2️⃣ Elongation: RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides.
    3️⃣ Termination: The mRNA transcript is released, and RNA polymerase detaches from DNA.
  • During initiation, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA.
  • In elongation, RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides
  • What happens during termination of transcription?
    RNA polymerase detaches
  • Match the phase of transcription with its description:
    Initiation ↔️ RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region on DNA.
    Elongation ↔️ RNA polymerase synthesizes the mRNA strand.
    Termination ↔️ RNA polymerase detaches from DNA.
  • The promoter region is a key component involved in the initiation phase of transcription.
  • What three components are involved in the elongation phase of transcription?
    RNA polymerase, DNA, nucleotides
  • In termination, the mRNA transcript is released, and RNA polymerase detaches from DNA