5.4 Crowd and Collective Behaviour

• What is the key difference between crowd and collective behavior in terms of group density?

  Physically dense vs diffuse
• Emergent norm theory suggests that crowd behavior is influenced by shared beliefs and values
• Social facilitation in a crowd always leads to better individual performance.

  False
• What is one factor that can influence crowd behavior, according to the study material?

  Shared emotions
• The deindividuation theory explains how individuals in crowds lose self-awareness and accountability
• What is an example of crowd behavior provided in the study material?

  Protests
• Crowd and collective behavior theories are universally accepted without evaluation.

  False
• What are the key driving factors of crowd behavior?

  Shared emotions, surroundings
• Match the type of behavior with its driving factors:

  Crowd Behavior ↔️ Shared emotions, immediate surroundings

  Collective Behavior ↔️ Shared beliefs, values, goals
• What is a characteristic of collective behavior in terms of group interaction?

  Lower interaction
• Crowd behavior typically results in organized and purposeful actions.

  False
• In crowd behavior, groups are physically dense
• What is the main difference in motivation between crowd and collective behavior?

  Emotions vs beliefs
• Crowd behaviour is motivated by shared emotions and surroundings.
• The actions of crowds are often unpredictable
• Match the group type with an example:

  Crowd ↔️ Concerts

  Collective ↔️ Social movements
• Deindividuation in groups can lead to impulsive and irrational behaviours
• Order the key features of deindividuation:

  1️⃣ Anonymity

  2️⃣ Diffusion of responsibility

  3️⃣ Arousal
• Emergent norm theory suggests that new norms emerge in uncertain situations
• Social interaction plays a key role in establishing what is considered appropriate behaviour in crowds.
• Emergent norm theory contrasts with the idea that crowd behaviour is purely driven by emotions
• What is an example of crowd behaviour?

  Protest
• What is an example of collective behaviour?

  Online community
• Social facilitation enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks
• Social inhibition occurs when a task is complex or unfamiliar.
• Emergent norm theory posits that new norms develop in uncertain situations
• Emergent norms in crowds are influenced by key individuals and social interaction.
• What is social facilitation in crowd settings?

  Enhanced performance on simple tasks
• Social inhibition in crowd settings refers to a decline in performance on complex or unfamiliar tasks
• Social facilitation occurs when the task is complex or unfamiliar.

  False
• Give an example of social inhibition in a crowd setting.

  Impromptu speaking
• Social influence in crowds leads to conformity and obedience to group norms
• What does emotion contagion do in a crowd?

  Intensifies collective feelings
• Deindividuation in crowds can lead to impulsive and irrational actions.
• Arrange the following characteristics of crowd and collective behavior by interaction level.

  1️⃣ Crowd behaviour: High interaction

  2️⃣ Collective behaviour: Lower interaction
• What is the primary motivation behind crowd behavior?

  Shared emotions
• The primary motivation behind collective behavior is shared beliefs, values, or goals
• Crowd behavior is characterized by organized and purposeful actions.

  False
• Social movements are examples of collective behavior.
• What are the key characteristics of crowd behaviour groups?

  Physically dense, high interaction