1.6.2 Energy Requirements

• What are energy requirements defined as?

  Daily energy needed
• Maintaining adequate energy intake is essential for health, growth, and repair
• Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) refers to the energy needed to sustain life at rest.
• What does Physical Activity Level (PAL) measure?

  Energy during activities
• BMR calculation varies based on age, sex, weight, and height
• Match the PAL activity level with its description:

  Sedentary ↔️ Minimal activity

  Moderately active ↔️ Daily light exercise

  Active ↔️ Regular strenuous exercise
• What is the Harris-Benedict equation used for?

  BMR calculation
• Total Energy Expenditure (TDEE) is calculated by multiplying BMR by the PAL factor
• What are the three components of daily energy requirements?

  BMR, PAL, TEF
• The Physical Activity Level (PAL) is the same for all individuals regardless of activity level.

  False
• What is the purpose of the Harris-Benedict equation?

  Calculate BMR
• Energy requirements are essential for maintaining health, growth, and repair
• Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) refers to the energy used during daily activities and exercise.

  False
• Match the component of energy requirements with its description:

  BMR ↔️ Energy for bodily functions at rest

  PAL ↔️ Energy for daily activities and exercise
• The Harris-Benedict equation for males calculates BMR
• What is the Harris-Benedict equation for calculating BMR in males?

  BMR = 88.362 + (13.397 \times weight) + (4.799 \times height) - (5.677 \times age)</latex>
• Total energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying BMR with the PAL factor.
• A kilocalorie (kcal) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius
• What is the relationship between kcal and kJ?

  $1\, kcal \approx 4.184\, kJ$
• Energy is measured in units called kilocalories and kilojoules
• Match the energy unit with its relation:

  Kilocalorie ↔️ $1\, kcal \approx 4.184\, kJ$

  Kilojoule ↔️ $1\, kJ \approx 0.239\, kcal$
• What is an example formula for calculating BMR using the Harris-Benedict equation for males?

  BMR = 88.362 + (13.397 \times weight) + (4.799 \times height) - (5.677 \times age)</latex>
• Total energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying BMR with the PAL
• Why is maintaining adequate energy intake essential for bodily functions?

  Health, growth, and repair
• The energy needed to sustain life at rest is called the Basal Metabolic Rate
• Physical Activity Level (PAL) refers to the energy used during daily activities and exercise.
• What is a kilocalorie (kcal) defined as?

  Heat to raise 1 kg water by 1°C
• The kilojoule (kJ) is the SI unit of energy
• One kilocalorie is approximately equal to 4.184 kilojoules.
• How many kilojoules are in 200 kilocalories?

  836.8 kJ
• Match the energy unit with its symbol and relation to the other unit:

  Kilocalorie ↔️ kcal; 1 kcal ≈ 4.184 kJ

  Kilojoule ↔️ kJ; 1 kJ ≈ 0.239 kcal
• Males generally have higher energy needs due to higher muscle mass
• What is the impact of a sedentary lifestyle on energy requirements?

  Decreased energy needs
• Pregnancy increases a woman's energy requirements.
• What are daily energy requirements essential for?

  Health, growth, and repair
• Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the energy used for bodily functions at rest
• The Harris-Benedict equation is used to calculate BMR for males.
• What factors are used to calculate BMR in the Harris-Benedict equation?

  Age, sex, weight, height
• Total energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying BMR with the PAL
• What is the total energy expenditure for an active male with a BMR of 2000 kcal and a PAL factor of 1.5?

  3000 kcal