1.4.3 Cholesterol

Cards (52)

  • What type of lipid is cholesterol?
    Steroid
  • Cholesterol contributes to the rigidity and fluidity of cell membranes
  • Cholesterol is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones like estrogen and testosterone.
  • Match the type of lipoprotein with its abbreviation:
    Low-Density Lipoprotein ↔️ LDL
    High-Density Lipoprotein ↔️ HDL
  • What is the steroid nucleus in cholesterol composed of?
    Four fused carbon rings
  • The hydroxyl group in cholesterol is attached at position 3 of ring A
  • The alkyl side chain in cholesterol is attached at position 17 of ring D.
  • What property does the hydroxyl group in cholesterol provide?
    Polarity
  • Which part of cholesterol contributes to its hydrophobic properties?
    Alkyl side chain
  • Cholesterol maintains the rigidity and fluidity of cell membranes
  • Steps in the synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol
    1️⃣ Cholesterol is converted into precursor molecules
    2️⃣ Enzymes modify precursor molecules
    3️⃣ Steroid hormones are synthesized
  • Where are bile acids synthesized from cholesterol?
    Liver
  • High LDL cholesterol levels increase the risk of heart disease.
  • What does high HDL cholesterol do for heart health?
    Reduces heart disease risk
  • At low temperatures, cholesterol prevents close packing of fatty acid tails
  • What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity at high temperatures?
    Decreases fluidity
  • Cholesterol is essential for bile acid synthesis.
  • Match the lipoprotein with its effect on heart health:
    LDL ↔️ High plaque buildup
    HDL ↔️ Removes cholesterol from arteries
  • What does cholesterol regulate in cell membranes?
    Fluidity
  • At low temperatures, cholesterol increases membrane fluidity by preventing fatty acid tails from packing closely together.
  • At high temperatures, cholesterol interacts with phospholipid tails to restrict movement
  • What health risks are associated with high cholesterol levels?
    Cardiovascular disease and stroke
  • How do high HDL levels reduce the risk of heart disease?
    Remove cholesterol from arteries
  • LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to tissues, while HDL transports cholesterol back to the liver.
  • High levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arterial walls
  • What is the common nickname for LDL cholesterol?
    "Bad cholesterol"
  • What is the common nickname for HDL cholesterol?
    "Good cholesterol"
  • What type of hormones is cholesterol a precursor for?
    Steroid hormones
  • Cholesterol is transported in the blood via LDL and HDL
  • What forms the steroid nucleus in cholesterol?
    Four fused carbon rings
  • A hydroxyl group is attached at position 3 of ring A in cholesterol.
  • An alkyl side chain is attached at position 17 of ring D
  • What is the role of the steroid nucleus in cholesterol?
    Forms the backbone
  • Match the lipoprotein with its role:
    LDL ↔️ Transports cholesterol to tissues
    HDL ↔️ Transports cholesterol to liver
    VLDL ↔️ Transports triglycerides
  • What is the effect of high levels of LDL on heart health?
    Plaque buildup in arteries
  • High levels of HDL help remove cholesterol from arteries.
  • At high temperatures, cholesterol interacts with phospholipid tails to reduce membrane fluidity
  • What does cholesterol prevent at low temperatures in cell membranes?
    Solidifying
  • High cholesterol levels are linked to cardiovascular disease and stroke.
  • What is the formula for calculating total cholesterol?
    LDL+LDL +HDL HDL