1.7.3 Blood Clotting

• What is another name for blood clotting?

  Hemostasis
• Steps involved in blood clotting

  1️⃣ Platelet Activation

  2️⃣ Coagulation Cascade

  3️⃣ Fibrin Clot Formation

  4️⃣ Clot Stabilisation and Dissolution
• Clotting factors convert prothrombin to thrombin during the coagulation cascade.
• Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin
• Which factor cross-links fibrin polymers to strengthen the clot?

  Factor XIII
• Plasmin is responsible for breaking down the clot during tissue healing.
• Activated platelets release thromboxane A2 and ADP
• Match the step of blood clotting with its key term:

  Platelet Activation ↔️ Thromboxane A2

  Coagulation Cascade ↔️ Clotting factors

  Fibrin Clot Formation ↔️ Fibrinogen

  Clot Stabilisation ↔️ Factor XIII
• What is the role of platelets in blood clotting?

  Form a fibrin clot
• Activated platelets change their shape
• What are clotting factors made of?

  Enzymes and proteins
• The coagulation cascade ultimately leads to the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
• One key enzyme in the coagulation cascade is thrombin
• Which enzyme converts prothrombin to thrombin?

  Prothrombinase
• Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin.
• The coagulation cascade involves clotting factors that convert prothrombin to thrombin
• Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin.
• Fibrin polymers are cross-linked by Factor XIII to strengthen the clot
• Steps involved in blood clotting (hemostasis)

  1️⃣ Platelet Activation

  2️⃣ Coagulation Cascade

  3️⃣ Fibrin Clot Formation

  4️⃣ Clot Stabilisation and Dissolution
• Platelets release thromboxane A2 and ADP to attract more platelets.
• Fibrin fibers form a mesh that traps blood cells and stabilizes the clot
• Which chemical breaks down clots during tissue healing?

  Plasmin
• Platelets adhere to and activate at the site of injury.
• Factor XIII cross-links fibrin polymers to strengthen the clot
• Match the platelet function with its description:

  Adhesion ↔️ Platelets attach to damaged blood vessels

  Activation ↔️ Platelets become activated and change shape

  Aggregation ↔️ Platelets form a plug

  Clot Formation ↔️ Contribute to fibrin clot formation
• Platelets contribute to the formation of a fibrin clot.
• These functions help to stop bleeding by forming a platelet plug and contributing to the formation of a fibrin clot.
• Platelets adhere to damaged blood vessels during hemostasis.
• Match the platelet function with its description:

  Adhesion ↔️ Platelets attach to damaged blood vessels

  Activation ↔️ Platelets change shape

  Aggregation ↔️ Platelets form a plug

  Clot Formation ↔️ Contribute to fibrin clot formation
• Arrange the steps of platelet-mediated blood clotting in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Adhesion

  2️⃣ Activation

  3️⃣ Aggregation

  4️⃣ Clot Formation
• Clotting factors are essential enzymes and proteins in blood plasma that drive the coagulation cascade.
• The coagulation cascade involves converting prothrombin to thrombin.
• What enzyme converts prothrombin to thrombin?

  Prothrombinase
• Thrombin converts fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin.
• What two substances enhance the coagulation cascade?

  Calcium ions and phospholipids
• Arrange the steps in fibrin clot formation in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Thrombin Activation

  2️⃣ Fibrinogen Conversion

  3️⃣ Fibrin Network Formation
• Fibrinogen is soluble, while fibrin is insoluble.
• Anticoagulation prevents excessive blood clot formation and maintains blood fluidity.
• Match the natural anticoagulation substance with its mechanism:

  Antithrombin ↔️ Inhibits coagulation cascade

  Heparin ↔️ Enhances antithrombin activity

  Protein C ↔️ Inactivates Factors V and VIII

  Plasmin ↔️ Breaks down fibrin clots
• What enzyme does warfarin inhibit to prevent blood clots?

  Vitamin K reductase