1.3.1 Monosaccharides

• What is another name for monosaccharides?

  Simple sugars
• Galactose is a component of milk sugar.
• What is the primary energy source for cells?

  Glucose
• Fructose is found in fruits and honey
• Classify monosaccharides based on their carbonyl group location.

  1️⃣ Aldoses: Carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain

  2️⃣ Ketoses: Carbonyl group within the carbon chain
• Why are monosaccharides highly soluble in water?

  They have hydroxyl groups
• Fructose is the sweetest monosaccharide, followed by glucose
• Monosaccharides are reactive due to their functional groups.
• Match the monosaccharide with its sweetness level:

  Glucose ↔️ Moderately sweet

  Fructose ↔️ Very sweet

  Galactose ↔️ Mildly sweet
• Which monosaccharide is found in milk sugar?

  Galactose
• The sweetness of monosaccharides varies, with fructose being the sweetest
• Glucose is used in cellular respiration to produce ATP.
• What is the primary role of monosaccharides in living organisms?

  Energy source
• Monosaccharides are crucial in living organisms because they serve as a primary energy
• Glucose is the primary energy source for cells in cellular respiration.
• Match the monosaccharide with its metabolic fate:

  Fructose ↔️ Converted into glucose

  Galactose ↔️ Converted into glucose intermediates
• What is the main role of glucose in living organisms?

  Primary energy source
• Fructose is an energy source commonly found in fruits and honey
• Galactose is a component of milk sugar and can be used for energy.
• Steps involved in the use of fructose or galactose for energy

  1️⃣ Conversion into glucose

  2️⃣ Processing in glucose metabolism

  3️⃣ Production of ATP