1.1.2 Blood Vessels

• Blood vessels are a complex network of tubes that transport blood throughout the body
• Blood vessels deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells while removing waste
• What type of blood do arteries transport?

  Oxygenated blood
• Which blood vessel type contains valves to prevent backflow?

  Veins
• Capillaries have very low blood pressure due to their thin walls.
• Match the blood vessel type with its function:

  Arteries ↔️ Transport oxygenated blood away from the heart

  Veins ↔️ Return deoxygenated blood to the heart

  Capillaries ↔️ Exchange oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
• Steps involved in regulating blood vessel diameter

  1️⃣ Release of signals from tissues

  2️⃣ Vasoconstriction or vasodilation

  3️⃣ Change in blood vessel diameter

  4️⃣ Adjustment of blood flow and pressure
• Where is blood pressure highest in the cardiovascular system?

  Arteries
• Healthy blood vessels are essential for efficient blood flow and oxygen delivery.
• What are the three main types of blood vessels in the cardiovascular system?

  Arteries, veins, capillaries
• Arteries have thick elastic walls and smooth muscle layers to withstand high pressure
• Why do veins require valves in their structure?

  Prevent backflow of blood
• Capillaries have thin, single-layer walls to facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
• Match the blood vessel type with its blood oxygen level:

  Arteries ↔️ High

  Veins ↔️ Low

  Capillaries ↔️ Varies by tissue
• What is the primary function of arteries in the cardiovascular system?

  Transport oxygenated blood
• Veins return deoxygenated blood to the heart
• Capillaries facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between blood and tissues.
• Arrange the blood vessel types in order of decreasing wall thickness:

  1️⃣ Arteries

  2️⃣ Veins

  3️⃣ Capillaries
• The tunica intima of the arterial wall is composed of endothelium
• What is the function of the tunica media in arteries?

  Controls blood pressure
• The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the arterial wall and provides support.
• Why are arteries able to withstand high blood pressure?

  Thick, elastic walls
• Arteries help regulate blood flow and maintain blood pressure
• What type of blood do arteries carry away from the heart?

  Oxygenated blood
• Veins return deoxygenated blood to the heart.
• Capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues
• Why are arteries able to withstand high blood pressure?

  Thick, elastic walls
• Veins have valves to prevent blood backflow.
• Capillaries have single-layer walls to facilitate exchange
• What is the main function of blood vessels?

  Transport blood
• Arteries have thick, elastic walls to withstand high blood pressure.
• Veins have thinner walls compared to arteries because they carry blood under low pressure.
• Match the blood vessel type with its characteristic:

  Arteries ↔️ Thick elastic walls

  Veins ↔️ Thinner walls with valves

  Capillaries ↔️ Single-layer thin walls
• What are the three layers of an arterial wall called?

  Tunica Intima, Media, Adventitia
• The tunica intima is the inner layer of the arterial wall that provides a smooth lining to reduce friction.
• The tunica media contains smooth muscle and elastic fibers to control vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
• What type of fibers make up the tunica adventitia?

  Collagen and elastic fibers
• Match the blood vessel type with its blood pressure level:

  Arteries ↔️ High

  Veins ↔️ Low

  Capillaries ↔️ Very low
• How does the structure of veins compare to that of arteries?

  Similar three-layer structure
• The tunica media in veins is thinner compared to arteries, but it still contains smooth muscle and elastic fibers.