Respiration

• What is aerobic respiration?

  Energy release with oxygen
• Aerobic respiration is an example of an exothermic
• Aerobic respiration uses oxygen to release energy from glucose.
• What are the products of aerobic respiration?

  Carbon dioxide, water, energy
• Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria
• Organisms require energy from respiration for synthesis, muscle contraction, and maintaining body temperature.
• Order the processes for which organisms require energy released by respiration.

  1️⃣ Synthesis of larger molecules

  2️⃣ Muscle contraction

  3️⃣ Maintenance of body temperature

  4️⃣ Active transport
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Energy release without oxygen
• The equation for anaerobic respiration is: Glucose → lactic acid + energy
• Anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic respiration because glucose is not completely broken down.
• Why does lactic acid buildup during anaerobic respiration cause muscle fatigue?

  Prevents efficient contraction
• Oxygen debt refers to the amount of oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back into glucose
• What type of anaerobic respiration occurs in yeast cells?

  Fermentation
• Fermentation produces ethanol and carbon dioxide from glucose.
• What are the key differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Oxygen use, energy release
• Muscles store glucose in the form of glycogen
• What physiological changes occur when muscular activity increases in the body?

  Heart rate, breathing rate increase
• Order the responses to increased muscular activity in the body.

  1️⃣ Heart rate increases

  2️⃣ Arteries dilate

  3️⃣ Breathing rate increases

  4️⃣ Stored glycogen is converted to glucose
• Lactic acid is transported from muscles to the liver to be converted back into glucose.
• What is metabolism?

  All reactions in a cell
• Cells use the energy from respiration to carry out enzyme-controlled processes
• Give examples of metabolic reactions.

  Photosynthesis, respiration