2.5.1 Causes Leading to Its Creation

• During what years did King John reign?

  1199-1216
• King John's policies were similar to those of Henry II.

  False
• What was Richard I primarily focused on during his reign?

  Crusades
• King John's paranoia and ruthlessness contributed to the creation of the Magna Carta.
• Order the following rulers based on their key policies:

  1️⃣ Henry II: Established common law

  2️⃣ Richard I: Focused on crusades

  3️⃣ King John: Raised heavy taxes
• Match the ruler with their key policy:

  Henry II ↔️ Common law

  Richard I ↔️ Crusades

  King John ↔️ Heavy taxes
• Henry II's key policy was the establishment of common law
• What was the ultimate impact of King John's tax policies?

  Magna Carta
• King John's financial pressures led to heavy taxation.
• Match the ruler with their key policy and impact:

  Henry II ↔️ Common law, strengthened monarchy

  Richard I ↔️ Crusades, stable rule

  King John ↔️ Heavy taxes, Magna Carta
• King John's heavy taxation led to increased resentment and the creation of the Magna Carta
• What was the primary cause of the Magna Carta?

  King John's oppression
• King John's reign was marked by significant turmoil and oppression.
• Which document was created as a result of King John's actions?

  Magna Carta
• Match the ruler with their key policy and impact:

  Henry II ↔️ Common law, centralized authority

  Richard I ↔️ Crusades, stable rule

  King John ↔️ Heavy taxes, Magna Carta
• What was Richard I's primary focus during his reign?

  Crusades
• Henry II established common law
• King John's oppressive policies led to the creation of the Magna Carta.
• What characteristics of King John contributed to the Magna Carta?

  Paranoia and ruthlessness
• Henry II's establishment of common law strengthened the monarchy
• King John's foreign policies were successful and increased his prestige.

  False
• What territory did King John lose in 1204?

  Normandy
• King John's defeat at the Battle of Bouvines weakened his authority
• What were the financial burdens imposed by King John a key cause of?

  Magna Carta
• What was the primary outcome of King John's foreign policies?

  Territorial losses
• John's military incompetence led to the loss of ancestral lands in Normandy
• King John's defeat at the Battle of Bouvines strengthened the resolve of the barons to challenge his rule.
• What were the main financial burdens imposed by King John on his subjects?

  Taxes and loans
• Match the financial burden with its description:

  Scutage ↔️ Payments in lieu of military service

  Forest fines ↔️ Penalties for violating forest laws

  Forced loans ↔️ Demands for funds without repayment
• Order the rulers based on their financial policies and impact:

  1️⃣ Henry II: Established common law, regular taxation

  2️⃣ Richard I: Focused on crusades, levied taxes efficiently

  3️⃣ King John: Imposed heavy taxes, forced loans, forest fines
• King John's financial policies contrasted sharply with the moderate policies of Henry II and Richard I.
• Which foreign policy failure of King John damaged his prestige and increased financial strain?

  Loss of Normandy
• John's military incompetence led to the loss of ancestral lands in Normandy
• At which battle was King John defeated alongside his allies?

  Battle of Bouvines
• The Battle of Bouvines strengthened the barons' resolve to challenge King John's rule.
• What were the financial burdens imposed by King John on the barons, clergy, and commoners?

  Taxes and loans
• Match the ruler with their financial policies:

  Henry II ↔️ Regular taxation

  Richard I ↔️ Crusade funding

  King John ↔️ Forced loans
• What was the ultimate result of King John's oppressive financial policies?

  Magna Carta
• Order the rulers based on their conflicts with the Church and their impact:

  1️⃣ Henry II: Disputes over papal interference

  2️⃣ Richard I: Limited church involvement

  3️⃣ King John: Papal interdict, excommunication
• King John's conflicts with the Church included papal interdict and excommunication