15.1.1 The Limbic System

• The amygdala triggers physiological responses like increased heart rate and stress hormone release.
• What is the shape of the amygdala?

  Almond-shaped
• The amygdala recognizes emotional stimuli
• Match the amygdala function with its description:

  Emotion Processing ↔️ Recognizes emotional stimuli

  Fear Regulation ↔️ Mediates fear responses

  Aggressive Behavior ↔️ Facilitates aggressive reactions
• What did Raine et al. (1997) find about violent offenders' amygdala activity?

  Reduced activity
• The amygdala within the limbic system processes fear and aggression
• The hypothalamus regulates hormone levels involved in anger and aggression.
• What is the role of the hippocampus in the limbic system?

  Stores emotional memories
• The amygdala within the limbic system processes fear and triggers aggressive responses
• Which hormone, regulated by the hypothalamus, is linked to aggression?

  Testosterone
• Match the limbic system structure with its role in aggression:

  Amygdala ↔️ Processes fear and triggers aggressive responses

  Hypothalamus ↔️ Regulates testosterone levels

  Hippocampus ↔️ Stores emotional memories
• Where is the amygdala located in the brain?

  Temporal lobe
• The amygdala triggers physiological responses such as increased heart rate and sweating.
• The amygdala's connection to the prefrontal cortex allows for cognitive regulation of emotions
• What can happen to aggressive behavior if the amygdala is damaged?

  It can be altered
• The hippocampus interacts with the amygdala and prefrontal cortex to regulate aggressive behavior
• What is the role of contextual information provided by the hippocampus in regulating aggression?

  Evaluates and controls responses
• Match the limbic system structure with its interaction with the amygdala:

  Hippocampus ↔️ Modulates amygdala activity based on past experiences

  Prefrontal Cortex ↔️ Provides cognitive control of emotions
• Which structure in the limbic system is responsible for triggering aggressive responses?

  Amygdala
• The hypothalamus in the limbic system regulates hormone levels involved in anger
• The hypothalamus regulates testosterone, which is linked to aggression.
• What are the three brain structures that the hippocampus interacts with to regulate aggressive behavior?

  Amygdala, prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus
• A normal hippocampus stores emotional experiences as long-term memories
• What does the hippocampus identify to trigger aggressive responses?

  Contextual cues
• An altered hippocampus reduces the ability to manage emotional impulses
• Which study found that hippocampus lesions lead to heightened aggression?

  Davidson et al. (2000)
• Match the brain structure with its role in aggression:

  Amygdala ↔️ Processes fear and aggression

  Hippocampus ↔️ Provides contextual information
• Which brain structure activates the hypothalamus for hormonal changes related to aggression?

  Amygdala
• The hippocampus modulates amygdala activity based on past experiences
• Davidson et al. (2000) found that hippocampus lesions increased aggression due to impaired context recognition
• Which study showed that reduced amygdala activity correlates with increased aggression?

  Raine et al. (1997)
• The hypothalamus influences aggression by managing testosterone levels
• Which study found that increased testosterone levels correlate with higher levels of aggression?

  Albert et al. (1993)
• Match the brain region with its interaction in the limbic system related to aggression:

  Amygdala ↔️ Triggers emotional responses

  Hypothalamus ↔️ Controls testosterone release

  Prefrontal Cortex ↔️ Regulates emotional control
• What did research by Raine et al. (1997) find in violent offenders?

  Reduced amygdala activity
• What were the findings of Raine et al. (1997) regarding brain activity in murderers?

  Reduced prefrontal cortex and amygdala activity
• Davidson et al. (2000) found that hippocampus lesions caused heightened aggression due to impaired contextual recognition
• Increased testosterone levels in mice correlate with higher aggression
• Match the limbic system structure with its function:

  Amygdala ↔️ Processes fear

  Hypothalamus ↔️ Regulates hormones

  Hippocampus ↔️ Stores emotional memories
• Which limbic system structures influence aggression by processing emotional stimuli and regulating hormone levels?

  Amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus