13.2 Neural and Hormonal Mechanisms in Eating Behaviour

• What are hormonal mechanisms in eating behavior defined as?

  The role of hormones
• The hypothalamus regulates hunger and satiety
• The hormone leptin is responsible for suppressing appetite
• Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?

  Insulin
• Neural and hormonal disruptions can affect eating behavior
• Steps involved in the regulation of eating behavior by neural mechanisms

  1️⃣ Brain regions detect hunger signals

  2️⃣ Hypothalamus responds to hormonal signals

  3️⃣ Appetite is stimulated or suppressed

  4️⃣ Brainstem controls automatic functions

  5️⃣ Reward system influences food preference
• What is the primary function of the brainstem in eating behavior?

  Controls automatic functions
• The reward system in the brain influences food preference and intake
• Match each brain region with its function:

  Hypothalamus ↔️ Regulates hunger and satiety

  Brainstem ↔️ Controls automatic functions

  Reward system ↔️ Influences food preference
• The hypothalamus detects hormonal signals to regulate appetite
• What is the role of ghrelin in eating behavior?

  Stimulates appetite
• The hormone leptin suppresses appetite
• Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?

  Insulin
• Match each hormone with its function:

  Leptin ↔️ Suppresses appetite

  Ghrelin ↔️ Stimulates appetite

  Insulin ↔️ Regulates blood sugar
• What are hormonal mechanisms in eating behaviour?

  Hormones controlling eating behaviour
• The hormone leptin suppresses appetite
• Which hormone stimulates appetite?

  Ghrelin
• Insulin regulates blood sugar levels.
• Leptin is produced to suppress appetite
• What is the primary function of ghrelin?

  Stimulates appetite
• Insulin helps lower blood glucose levels.
• Insulin regulates blood sugar
• Which hormone is responsible for suppressing appetite?

  Leptin
• Ghrelin levels are highest before a meal.
• High levels of ghrelin before a meal stimulate appetite
• What happens to ghrelin levels after eating?

  They decrease
• Leptin and insulin rise after eating to suppress appetite.
• The hypothalamus regulates hunger and satiety
• Which brain structure controls automatic functions like swallowing?

  Brainstem
• The hypothalamus helps maintain energy balance.
• The reward system influences food preference
• What is the role of leptin in eating behavior?

  Suppresses appetite
• Ghrelin stimulates appetite.
• Insulin regulates blood sugar levels and influences energy storage
• Match the hormone with its function:

  Leptin ↔️ Suppresses appetite

  Ghrelin ↔️ Stimulates appetite

  Insulin ↔️ Regulates blood sugar
• When ghrelin levels are high, what happens to appetite?

  Appetite is stimulated
• Order the key brain structures involved in eating behavior:

  1️⃣ Hypothalamus

  2️⃣ Brainstem

  3️⃣ Reward system
• Match the brain structure with its function:

  Hypothalamus ↔️ Regulates hunger and satiety

  Brainstem ↔️ Controls automatic functions

  Reward system ↔️ Influences food preference
• The hypothalamus regulates hunger and satiety
• What happens when the hypothalamus responds to high leptin levels?

  Appetite is suppressed