2.6.1 The Cognitive Interview

• What is the primary aim of the Cognitive Interview (CI)?

  Improve eyewitness testimony accuracy
• The Context Reinstatement technique encourages the witness to mentally return to the event scene
• The Cognitive Interview principles are designed to enhance memory retrieval and reduce schema limitations.
• Order the four main techniques used in the Cognitive Interview (CI):

  1️⃣ Context Reinstatement

  2️⃣ Reporting Everything

  3️⃣ Recalling in Different Orders

  4️⃣ Changing Perspectives
• Match each principle of the Cognitive Interview with its description:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Mentally return to the event scene

  Reporting Everything ↔️ Report all details, no matter how trivial

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Recall events in reverse or from different starting points

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ View the event from various viewpoints
• What is the purpose of the Reporting Everything technique in the Cognitive Interview?

  Trigger further memories
• Recalling in Different Orders aims to reduce the influence of schemas
• Changing Perspectives in the Cognitive Interview involves viewing the event from the perpetrator's viewpoint.
• Order the four techniques used in the Cognitive Interview according to their description:

  1️⃣ Mentally return to the event scene

  2️⃣ Report all details, no matter how trivial

  3️⃣ Recall events in reverse chronological order

  4️⃣ View the event from different perspectives
• Match each technique of the Cognitive Interview with its purpose:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Triggers relevant memories

  Reporting Everything ↔️ Small facts can trigger other memories

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Reduces schematic influences

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ Uncovers new details
• What is the witness encouraged to recall in the Context Reinstatement technique?

  Emotions, weather, interactions
• Changing Perspectives encourages the witness to view the event from different viewpoints
• Reporting Everything in the Cognitive Interview involves omitting trivial details.

  False
• Match each technique with its corresponding purpose in the Cognitive Interview:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Triggers relevant memories

  Reporting Everything ↔️ Small facts trigger other memories

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Reduces schematic influences

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ Uncovers new details
• How does Context Reinstatement enhance memory recall?

  Triggers emotional and environmental cues
• Recalling in Different Orders helps reduce reliance on schemas
• Changing Perspectives involves viewing the event from the perpetrator's viewpoint.
• Match each technique of the Cognitive Interview with its effect on memory retrieval:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Emotional and environmental cues

  Reporting Everything ↔️ New facts and memories uncovered

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Reduces schematic influences

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ Reveals new details and insights
• What is one limitation of the Cognitive Interview in terms of its administration?

  Requires specialized training
• Despite improved accuracy, the Cognitive Interview can still lead to errors
• What is the primary goal of the Cognitive Interview?

  Improve eyewitness testimony accuracy
• The first principle of the Cognitive Interview is context reinstatement.
• The principle of "reporting everything" encourages witnesses to omit trivial details.

  False
• Why is recalling events in different orders important in the Cognitive Interview?

  Reduces schematic influences
• Changing perspectives in the Cognitive Interview helps reveal new details about the event.
• The Cognitive Interview principles include descriptions of their benefits.
• Match each Cognitive Interview principle with its description:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Mentally return to the event scene

  Reporting Everything ↔️ Report all details, no matter how trivial

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Recall events in reverse or from different starting points

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ View the event from different viewpoints
• How does context reinstatement enhance memory retrieval in the Cognitive Interview?

  Triggers relevant memories
• Recalling in different orders reduces the influence of schemas on memory retrieval.
• What is the purpose of the "recalling in different orders" technique in the Cognitive Interview?

  Reduce schematic influences
• Even trivial details in the "reporting everything" technique can trigger other memories.
• Match each Cognitive Interview technique with how it enhances memory retrieval:

  Context Reinstatement ↔️ Triggers relevant memories through cues

  Reporting Everything ↔️ Uncovers new facts and memories

  Recalling in Different Orders ↔️ Reduces schematic influences

  Changing Perspectives ↔️ Reveals new details and insights
• What is a limitation of the Cognitive Interview in terms of training requirements?

  Specialized training is needed
• The Cognitive Interview eliminates all potential errors in memory recall.

  False
• What are the key differences between the Cognitive Interview and standard police interviews?

  Holistic recall vs. linear narrative
• Standard police interviews focus on a linear, chronological narrative.
• What is the main focus of standard police interviews?

  Linear, chronological narratives
• The Cognitive Interview requires more training
• The Cognitive Interview uses techniques such as reporting everything and recalling in different orders.
• Why is the Cognitive Interview less prone to bias compared to standard police interviews?

  Emphasis on holistic recall