Crime and Punishment

• Name 3 things in the medieval era which caused poverty

  Famine

  Disease

  High taxes
• What were the most common crimes in the medieval era?

  Theft and violent crimes due to easy access to weapons
• Name 3 things which caused poverty in the sixteenth century

  Increased population

  Inflation

  Henry VIII closed monestaries
• What were the most common crimes in the sixteenth century

  Vagrancy, heresy and treason
• What caused an increase in crime during the sixteenth century

  The Protestant Reformation lead to an increase in heresy
• What caused an increase in smuggling during the early modern era?

  High taxes
• What caused an increase in highway robberies during the early modern era?

  More usage of roads and travelling
• What caused an increase in protests in the early modern era?

  Urbanisation and unemployment eg Luddism
• What crimes are most common in the modern era?

  Car crime, cyber crime, terrorism, drug and gun related crime
• What caused an increase in terrorism in the modern era?

  Political strains
• What caused an increase in gun and knife crimes in the modern era?

  Juvenile gang culture
• What caused an increase in drug related crime in the modern era?

  Drug addiction epidemic
• Name 2 crimes specific to the medieval period

  Scolding

  Cutting down trees
• Name 3 types of vagabonds

  Angler

  Abraham man

  Counterfeit crank
• Give one example of a famous highway man

  Dick Turpin
• What was a rookerie?

  A place where crime was rampant
• Give 3 examples of car crimes in the modern era

  Driving without a liscence

  Driving under the influence

  Not wearing a seatbelt
• Give 3 examples of cyber crimes

  Cyberbullying

  Hacking

  Identity theft
• How did people combat crime in medieval times?

  Tithings

  Hundreds

  Shire reeve

  JPs

  Parish Constables

  Watchmen
• Name 2 roles of the JP

  Maintain law and order

  Administrating local government
• What were Charleys?

  Paid night watchmen
• Name 2 problems with Charleys

  Unpaid jobs were unpopular

  Few had the time to perform their duties properly
• What were thief takers?

  People who set up crimes and then gained the reward
• Who were the Bow Street runners?

  Paid, trained full time law enforcement officers
• What was the 'Public Hue and Cry'?

  Newspaper which soon became a crime information network
• What idea did the runners introduce?

  Preventative policing
• What were 'bobbies'

  Full time, paid law enforcement officers who investigated crime
• Who set up the Met Police?

  Sir Robert Peel
• Name 4 ways the police have advanced in the modern era

  Fingerprints and DNA

  Cameras

  Radio

  Crime prevention schemes
• Give 3 ways a judge would tell if a person was guilty in the medieval era

  Hot iron

  Hot water

  Blessed bread
• Name 3 types of corporal punishment and what they were used for

  Whipping or flogging- vagrancy, recusant

  Stocks and pillory- drunkenness or swearing

  Mutilation- regular offenders
• Name 3 things punishable by death in the early modern era

  Murder, treason, counterfeiting
• What was the punishment for heresy in the early modern era?

  Burned at the stake
• What was the punishment for treason in the early modern era

  Hung, drawn and quartered
• What was the Bloody Code?

  Over 200 crimes punishable by death
• When were public executions banned?

  End of 19th century
• Where were prisoners transported?

  North America

  Australia
• What were hulks?

  Prisons on boats
• How many convicts were transported to Australia

  165,000
• What were prisons originally used for?

  Holding prisoners awaiting trial