Cell Types

• What is evolution?

  Change in species over time
• How does evolution occur?

  Through processes like natural selection
• How has the theory of evolution impacted our understanding of the natural world?

  It provides a framework for biological diversity
• How has evolution led to the development of new species?

  Through speciation processes over time
• How did Darwin’s theory of natural selection explain differences between species?

  It showed how traits beneficial for survival are passed on
• What evidence supports the theory of evolution?

  Fossil records and genetic similarities
• Why was Darwin’s theory of evolution controversial when first published?

  It challenged existing religious and scientific beliefs
• How can understanding evolution help in the development of new medicines?

  By informing drug resistance and treatment strategies
• Explain one way evolution can lead to extinction.

  Species unable to adapt to environmental changes
• How has the theory of evolution affected the classification of organisms?

  It led to a more phylogenetic classification system
• What is a prokaryotic cell?

  A cell without a nucleus
• Name the type of organism that is made up of prokaryotic cells.

  Bacteria
• Where is the genetic material found in a prokaryotic cell?

  In the nucleoid region
• Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus? Explain your answer.

  No, they lack a membrane-bound nucleus
• Name three structures that are found in prokaryotic cells.

  Cell wall, ribosomes, plasma membrane
• What is the function of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

  They carry extra genetic information
• How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?

  Through binary fission
• What is the role of the cell wall in a bacterial cell?

  It provides structure and protection
• Name one way prokaryotic cells differ from plant cells.

  Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles
• Why are prokaryotes generally smaller than eukaryotic cells?

  They have simpler structures and fewer organelles
• Name three structures found in all animal cells.

  Nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane
• What is the function of the nucleus in an animal cell?

  It controls cell activities and stores DNA
• Describe the role of the mitochondria.

  They produce ATP through cellular respiration
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  It regulates the movement of substances in and out
• What is the cytoplasm and what happens there?

  Cytoplasm is the fluid where cellular processes occur
• Why do animal cells not have a cell wall?

  They need flexibility for movement and function
• How do animal cells differ from plant cells?

  Animal cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts
• What is the role of ribosomes in animal cells?

  They synthesize proteins for the cell
• Which part of the animal cell controls the movement of substances in and out?

  The cell membrane
• Why are mitochondria important for active cells like muscle cells?

  They provide energy needed for muscle contraction
• Which structure contains the genetic material in an animal cell?

  Nucleus
• What part of an animal cell is responsible for producing energy?

  Mitochondria
• What is the function of ribosomes in an animal cell?

  Make proteins
• What is found in the cytoplasm of animal cells?

  Organelles
• Which of the following is NOT found in an animal cell?

  Chloroplast