Patho Two Test Review (BASED ON PREVIOUS TEST REVIEW)

• I also remember there was a question about thrombosis break order


  leg, circulatory, lungs

  
• subdural hematoma


  collection of blood under the dura mater, blood brain barrier (how would you describe it to someone)
• Cat Eye technical name


  retinoblastoma
• Vitamin K (IDK WHY SHE TOLD ME) -i thought it was blood clotting -__-


  can help with blood thinning
• What is the Rh factor?


  It is the positive antigen present on some RBC.
• Epstein-Barr virus

  asymptomatic and occurs in childhood,mononucleosis,associated with lymphomas, Transmission: mostly spread by asymptomatic salivary shedding, close oral contact (kissing disease), infects B-cells
• Allergic Reaction (Rh Incompatibility)


  Allergic Reaction, Destruction of Red Cells
• Delayed Reaction


  Due to a Buildup of Antibodies
• Hemolytic Reaction


  Hemolytic Reaction (Wrong Blood Type Given) = Coagulation- Clogs Kidneys
• Wrong Transfusion reactions


  Hemolytic Reaction, Delayed Reaction,

  Allergic Reaction (Rh Incompatibility), Febrile Reaction
• DIC treatment


  Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP), Cryoprecipitate (contains fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII, factor XIII and fibronectin), Platelet Transfusion
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)


  Impairment ofCoagulation Cascade,Micro-clots Develop, Factors and Platelets Used up Massive Bleeding
• Mononucleosis diagnose with


  Heterophil Antibodies Test
• Mononucleosis transmission


  saliva
• Mononucleosis acute symptoms


  2 weeks to 3 months (Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy, Sore Throat, Rash, Splenomegaly)
• Mononucleosis Prodrome


  Several Days May Include Malaise, Chills, Anorexia
• Mononucleosis


  Herpes Family of Viruses - Epstein Barr or Cytomegalovirus, Incubates 4-6 Weeks
• Hemochromatosis treatment


  Iron Lowering Agents (e.g. Desferral), or Phlebotomy
• Hemochromatosis


  excess iron deposits throughout the body
• Hemophilia


  FactorVIIIdeficiency
• Thrombocyte factors


  Factor V, VIII
• Coagulation cascade


  Most Factors are Proteins Made by Liver and Require Vitamin K for Production
• Anemia treatment *


  Erythropoietin, Iron Supplements (PO or IV)Transfusion (Hgb < 8g/dL, Red Cells(RBC’s or PRBC’s))
• hemolytic anemia


  reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction (gradual)
• chronic anemia


  excessive menstrual periods, slow gastrointestinal bleeding, diseases affecting bone marrow
• acute anemia


  sudden blood loss
• Anemia signs and symptoms


  decrease in o2 Saturation, Fatigue/Weakness, Dyspnea, Angina, Headache/Dim Vision, Pallor, Tachycardia/Palpitations, Bone Pain, Pica
• Anemia causes more


  Defective Production- Malnourishment, Cobalamin or B Deficiency,Pernicious Anemia (Cannot Absorb B12),Bone Marrow Failure- Aplastic Anemia, Renal Failure
• Causes of Hemolysis


  Drugs, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia (Improper Hgb Synthesis)
• hemolysis


  destruction of red blood cells, causes coagulation of kidneys
• Anemia causes


  Trauma, Chronic (GI, Menses)
• Anemia


  A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
• Alzheimer's disease


  6th Cause of Death in USA Progressive Loss of Short-Term Memory, Difficulty with Language, Changes in Behavior, Neural Atrophy, Neritic Plaques on Autopsy, Neurofibrillary Tangles
• Restless Leg Syndrome causes


  genetic, iron deficiency, neurologic disorders, pregnancy, medications
• Restless Leg Syndrome


  uncomfortable sensations in legs causing movement and loss of sleep
• Narcolepsy


  Fall Asleep During Day, May be Genetic or Auto-Immune
• sleep apnea treatment *


  Retraining Sleep Position, Surgery, CPAP- Forces Positive Pressure
• Sleep Apnea causes

  Obesity, Alcohol, Drugs, Large Neck Circumference 40" or More
• sleep apnea

  10-30 Second Intervals, can be Central or Obstructive, full or partial Collapse of Upper Airway
• hydrocephalus treatment *

  shunting