Introduction to SW

• Social welfare is everything that men do for the good of society
• Social welfare is the organized concern of all people for all people
• Social welfare is the organized system of social services and institutions designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying standards of life and health
• Social welfare includes laws, programs, benefits, and services which assure or strengthen provisions for meeting social needs recognized as basic to the well-being of the population and the better functioning of the social order
• There are three ways to respond to unmet needs include individual and group efforts, major societal institutions with designated roles and responsibilities, and social agencies
• Two views of social welfare are residual formulation (temporary) and institutional formulation (legitimate)
• Categories of social welfare programs include social security, personal social services, and public assistance
• Social services refer to programs, services, and other activities provided under various auspices to concretely answer the needs and problems of the members of society
• Social welfare goals include humanitarian and social justice goals, social control goal, and economic development goal
• Social work is concerned with man's adjustment to his environment and social functioning
• Social work is a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people
• Causes of dysfunctioning can be personal inadequacies, situational inadequacies, or both
• In the Philippines, social welfare during the Spanish Colonial Period included hospitals and asylums established to help the poor and destitute
• • La Gota de Leche established in 1907 to provide fresh cow's milk to child-caring institutions
  • Philippine Anti-Tuberculosis Society organized in 1910
  • Associacion de Damas Filipinas founded in 1913 to help destitute mothers and children
  • Office of the Public Welfare Commissioner created in 1921 under the Department of the Interior
  • Law passed in 1924 relating to child custody of neglected and delinquent children
  • Gov. Gen. Frank Murphy's administration in 1933 marked government's full responsibility for relief efforts
  • Josefa Jara Martinez introduced scientific approach in social work
• • Dr. Jose Fabella, Director of the Office of the Public Welfare Commission in the 1930s, known as Father of Social Welfare
• The Commonwealth Period:

  • Transition period under Tydings-McDuffie Law from 1935-1945 in preparation for independence
  • Pres. Quezon passed anti-usury laws, labor laws, and relief boards were created
  • Office of the Commissioner of Health and Public Welfare abolished in 1940 and replaced by Department of Health and Public Welfare
• The Japanese Occupation:

  • Japanese Occupation from 1942-1944 focused on medical care, food, and clothing for soldiers, prisoners, and civilians
  • Bureau of Public Welfare closed and reorganized by the Executive Commission
  • Relief primarily undertaken by volunteer organizations
• Post-war Years:

  • Social Welfare Commission Services included child welfare work, public assistance, and coordination of public welfare activities
  • President's Action Committee on Social Amelioration created in 1948 for relief assistance
  • UNICEF became active in the Philippines in the late 1940s
• Social Welfare Administration Programs:

  • Programs included short-term assistance and long-term service
  • Child Welfare Division and Division of Rural Social Welfare created in 1951
  • Self-help initiatives popular in rural areas
• Department of Social Welfare Programs:

  • Programs included preventive and remedial programs, protective remedial and developmental welfare services, vocational rehabilitation, training, research, and special projects
• The Seventies:

  • Pres. Marcos declared Martial Law in 1972, focusing on community-oriented programs and services
  • Department of Social Services and Development shifted emphasis to community-oriented programs
  • Ministry of Social Services and Development adopted a parliamentary system
• The Past Two Decades:

  • New Vision Mission of DSWD anchored with Ambisyon Natin 2040
  • Programs focused on poverty reduction, health care, and education
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Women:

  • RA No. 9710, known as “Magna Carta of Women” enacted on August 14, 2009
  • RA No. 10354, known as “Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act” enacted on December 23, 2021
  • RA No. 11210, known as “Expanded Maternity Leave Law” enacted on February 20, 2019
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Children:

  • RA No. 11596, known as “Prohibition of Child Marriage Law” enacted on December 10, 2021
  • RA No. 11642, known as “Domestic Administrative Adoption and Child Care Act” enacted on January 6, 2022, providing for simpler and inexpensive domestic administrative adoption proceedings and streamlining services for alternative child care
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Elderly:

  • RA No. 10911, known as “The Anti-Age Discrimination Act of 2016” enacted on July 21, 2016
  • RA No. 10868, known as “The Centenarian Act of 2016” enacted on June 23, 2016
  • RA No. 10645, known as “An Act Providing for the Mandatory PhilHealth Coverage for all Senior Citizens” enacted on November 5, 2014
  • RA No. 9994, known as “The Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010” enacted on February 15, 2010
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Social Welfare in the Pandemic:

  • Social Amelioration Package (SAP) through the passage of RA No. 11494, known as “Bayanihan to Recover as One Act” enacted on September 11, 2020 with the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) taking the lead
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for United Registered Social Workers:

  • In response to CoVid-19, social workers organized themselves to provide Psychosocial Support (PSS) virtually
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Governance:

  • Mandanas-Garcia Ruling resulted in the expected increase in the local government’s share in the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) from the national government to at least 60% from the current 40%, i.e., full devolution
  • DSWD functions during full devolution include policy development, research development, standards setting and regulatory function, capacity building, technical assistance, resource augmentation, monitoring and evaluation, and program evaluation and audit
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Magna Carta for Public Social Workers:

  • RA No. 9433 enacted on April 11, 2007
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Family:

  • RA 8187 – Paternity Leave Act of 1996
  • RA 8396 – Family Courts Act of 1997
  • RA 11861 – Expanded Solo Parents Welfare Act
  • RA 9208 – Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
  • RA 9995 – Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009
  • RA 10354 – The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012
  • RA 11036 – Mental Health Act
  • RA 11166 – Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act
  • RA 11291 – An Act Providing for a Magna Carta for the Poor
  • RA 11310 – An Act Institutionalizing the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4 Ps)
• • RA 9231 – An Act providing the elimination of the worst forms of child labor and affording stronger protection for the working child amending RA 7610
  • RA 9344 – Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
  • RA 10630 – An Act Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System in the Philippines, amending RA 9344
  • RA 9523 – An Act requiring certification of the DSWD to declare legally available for adoption as a prerequisite for adoption proceedings
  • RA 9775 – Anti Child Pornography Act of 2009
  • RA 10165 – Foster Care Act of 2012
• • RA 10410 – An Act recognizing the age from 0-8 years as the first crucial stage of educational development and strengthening the early childhood care and development system, appropriating funds therefor
  • RA 10533 – Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
  • RA 10821 – Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act
  • RA 10931 – Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act
  • RA 11188 – Special Protection of Children in Situations of Armed Conflict
  • RA 11510 – Alternative Learning System Act
  • RA 11596 – Prohibition of Child Marriage
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Children and Youth:

  • PD 603 – The Child and Youth Welfare Code
  • RA 6972 – Barangay-Level Total Development and Protection of Children
  • RA 7610 – Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination
  • RA 7658 – An Act prohibiting the employment of children below 15 years of age in public and private undertakings
  • RA 8043 – Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995
  • RA 8044 – Youth in Nation-Building Act
  • RA 8552 – Domestic Adoption Act of 1998
  • RA 8980 – The Early Childhood Care and Development Act (ECCD)
• • RA 11642 – Domestic Administrative Adoption and Alternative Child Care Act
• • RA 9262 – Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004
  • RA 9710 – Magna Carta of Women
  • RA 9995 – Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009
  • RA 10354 – Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act
  • RA 11210 – Expanded Maternity Leave Law
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Women:

  • RA 6725 – An Act Strengthening the prohibition on discrimination against women with respect to terms and conditions of employment
  • RA 6955 – An Act to declare unlawful the practice of matching Filipino women for marriage to foreign nationals on a mail-order basis and other similar practices
  • RA 7192 – Women in Nation-Building Act of 1992
  • RA 7877 – Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
  • RA 8353 – Anti-Rape Law of 1997
  • RA 8505 – Rape Victims Assistance and Protection Act of 1998
  • RA 9208 – Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Elderly:

  • RA 7432 – Senior Citizens Act of 1992
  • RA 7876 – An Act establishing a Senior Citizens Center in all cities and municipalities of the Philippines and appropriating funds thereof
  • RA 9994 – Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010
  • RA 10645 – Mandatory PhilHealth Coverage for All Senior Citizens
  • RA 10868 – Centenarian Act of 2016
  • RA 10911 – Anti-Age Discrimination Act of 2016
  • RA 11350 – National Commission of Senior Citizens Act
• • RA 11916 – An Act increasing the social pension of indigent senior citizens and appropriating funds therefor, amending RA 7432
• Philippines Social Welfare Developments for Differently-abled Persons:

  • BP 344 – Accessibility Law
  • RA 7277 – Magna Carta of Disabled Persons
  • RA 9442 – An Act amending RA 7277 granting additional privileges and incentives and prohibitions on verbal, non-verbal ridicule and vilification against persons with disability
  • RA 3562 – An Act to Promote the Education of the Blind in the Philippines
  • RA 6759 – White Care Act
  • RA 10754 – An Act Expanding the Benefits and Privileges of PWDs
• • RA 11228 – An Act Providing for the Mandatory PhilHealth Coverage of All PWDs amending for the purpose RA 7277