LESSON 6-7 AP Q3

• The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain in 1750-1850. The majority of the Englishmen shifted from village life to urban living.
• Two types of industries during the Industrial Revolution:

  Cottage ( Quality> quantity) and Commercial (Quantity> Quality) .
• Agriculture

  • With the use of machines, people improved food production leading to increased supplies as the population grew
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  • James Watt invented the modern steam engine
  • George Stephenson developed Watt's steam engine into a locomotive engine for present-day trains
  • Robert Fulton developed the Clermont, a paddle-wheeled steamship
  • Henry Ford used the assembly line technique for mass production of automobiles
  • Wright Brothers, Orville and Wilbur, are credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane
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  • Samuel Finley Breese Morse invented the telegraph and the Morse Code system
  • Alexander Graham Bell patented the first telephone
• Young women in the textile mills of Massachusetts died at an average age of 26 due to inhaling cotton dust, working long hours in unventilated rooms lit by oil lamps
• The Declaration of Independence states that:

  • God made all men equal and gave them the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
  • The main business of government is to protect these rights
  • If a government tries to withhold these rights, the people are free to revolt and to set up a new government
• Revolutionary era of government changes during modern periods emphasized on equality, liberty, and justice
• Key events of the American Revolution:

  • The American Revolution was a time when the British colonists in America rebelled against the rule of Great Britain
  • Boston Massacre (1770): English soldiers fired and killed 5 Americans
  • Boston Tea Party: Protest where Americans threw 340 chests of English tea into the sea
  • There was a revolt against English rule led by George Washington
  • The 13 colonies revolted against British control
• • After seven years of war, concluded with Great Britain withdrawing its control, leading to the establishment of the United States of America under the Declaration of Independence of 1776
• Navigation Acts:

  • Laws forbidding American colonies to sell their major products except for Great Britain
• Stamp Act:

  • Placed heavy taxes on America's legal documents, newspapers, and other printed materials
• Three Estates in France:

  • First Estate: Clergy (church leaders)
  • Second Estate: Nobles
  • Third Estate: Commoners or laborers (98% of the total population)
  • Third Estate paid most of the taxes while clergy and nobles lived lives of luxury and held high-ranking jobs
• The conditions of factories were:

  Dangerous machinery, dirty workplaces, monotonous routines, cramped spaces, abuse of children and workers.
• Richard Arkwright

  ▪invented “Water Frame” could hold 100 spindles with the use of water
• Scientia means knowledge