weak topics!!

• What are group 1 elements known as?

  Alkali metals
• What is a characteristic of group 1 elements?

  They are reactive, soft metals
• Name three alkali metals.

  Lithium, sodium, potassium
• How do the first three alkali metals compare to water?

  They are less dense than water
• Why are alkali metals very reactive?

  They have one electron in their outer shell
• What trend occurs in reactivity as you go down group 1?

  Reactivity increases down the group
• What happens to the melting and boiling points of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  They decrease down the group
• What happens to the relative atomic mass of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  It increases down the group
• What type of compounds do alkali metals form with non-metals?

  Ionic compounds
• What ions do alkali metals form?

  1+ ions
• What is the typical appearance of ionic compounds formed by alkali metals?

  White solids that dissolve in water
• What do alkali metals produce when they react with water?

  Hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides
• What is the reaction of sodium with water?

  Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen
• How does the reactivity of alkali metals change with water?

  More reactive metals have more violent reactions
• What happens to the energy released in reactions as you go down group 1?

  It increases down the group
• What do alkali metals form when they react with chlorine?

  White metal chloride salts
• What is the reaction of sodium with chlorine?

  Sodium chloride
• How does the reactivity of alkali metals change with chlorine?

  Reactivity increases, making reactions more vigorous
• What do alkali metals form when they react with oxygen?

  Metal oxides
• What does lithium react to form?

  Lithium oxide
• What does sodium react to form?

  Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide
• What does potassium react to form?

  Potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide
• What are group 7 elements known as?

  Halogens
• What is a characteristic of halogens?

  They are non-metals with coloured vapours
• What is the state of fluorine at room temperature?

  Poisonous yellow gas
• What is the state of chlorine at room temperature?

  Poisonous dense green gas
• What is the state of bromine at room temperature?

  Red-brown volatile liquid
• What is the state of iodine at room temperature?

  Dark grey crystalline solid or purple vapour
• What trend occurs in reactivity as you go down group 7?

  Reactivity decreases down the group
• What happens to the melting and boiling points of halogens as you go down the group?

  They increase down the group
• What happens to the relative atomic masses of halogens as you go down the group?

  They increase down the group
• Why do halogens react in similar ways?

  They all have seven electrons in their outer shell
• What type of compounds can halogens form?

  Molecular compounds
• How do halogen atoms achieve a full outer shell?

  By sharing electrons via covalent bonding
• What type of ions do halogens form when bonding with metals?

  1- ions called halides
• What type of structures do compounds formed by halogens with metals have?

  Ionic structures
• What can occur between a more reactive halogen and a less reactive halogen's salt?

  A displacement reaction
• What are group 0 elements known as?

  Noble gases
• What is a characteristic of noble gases?

  They are inert, colourless gases
• Name three noble gases.

  Helium, neon, argon