Chemistry

• liver damage

  Alanine Aminotransferase Test (ALT)
• alpha-fetoprotein levels in pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy

  Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
• amount of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the bloodstream

  Alkaline phosphatase (AP) Test
• measures the level that could indicate cirrhosis and hepatitis

  Ammonia
• checks the enzyme level that could indicate liver disease, cholesystitis, etc.

  Amylase
• levels of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme that may indicate liver damage

  Aspartate aminotransferase test (AST)
• amount of bilirubin levels in the bloodstream that could indicate red blood destruction

  Bilirubin test
• acid-base balance by measuring the pH, partial pressure of the carbon dioxide and oxygen 


  Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
• amount of urea nitrogen found in blood, which could indicate congestive heart failure

  B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Test
• level of CRP

  C-reactive Protein High Sensitivity (hs-CRP)
• CEA protein levels in the blood that may help diagnose and manage certain types of cancers

  Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Test
• total amount of calcium in the blood, which could help determine or monitor the effects of renal failure

  Blood Calcium
• indicates risk of cardiovascular diseases

  Total Cholesterol
• shows adrenal hypofunction and hyper function

  Cortisol
• used to check muscle damage

  Creatine Kinase (CK)
• checks for cases that indicate renal impairment or muscular dystrophy

  Creatine
• monitors therapeutic range to avoid toxic levels for drugs

  Drug analysis
• show the sodium values that determine disorder of the kidney and adrenals

  Electrolytes (sodium, potassium,chloride,CO2)
• used to check diabetes, liver disease, or malnutrition

  Glucose
• used for diagnosis of liver, specifically hepatobiliary problems

  Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
• determines glycosylated hemoglobin level

  Hemoglobin A1C
• checks lung, kidney, and liver dysfunction

  Lactate dehydrogenase
• shows the level that could lead to either pancreatitis or pancreatic carcinoma

  Lipase
• test that screens patients for the presence of prostate cancer

  Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
• used to check liver and kidney disorders

  Total Protein
• serve as index in the evaluation of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorder

  Triglycerides
• used for early diagnosis of small myocardial infacts

  Troponin I
• used to check levels that indicate gout and renal problems

  Uric acid test
• used to check for anemia and diseases of the small intestine

  Vitamin B12 and Folate Tests
• amount of urea nitrogen found in blood, which could determine impaired renal function

  Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
• Levels of the BNP hormone in the blood which could indicate congestive heart failure.

  B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Test
• Level of CRP

  C-reactive Protein High Sensitivity (hs-CRP)