Respiratory System: Anatomy & Physiology

• What is the entire process of respiration called?

  Getting oxygen and removing CO2
• What does Total Lung Capacity (TLC) measure?

  Maximum air the lungs can hold
• Match the upper respiratory structure with its function:

  Pharynx ↔️ Connects nasal cavity to larynx

  Paranasal Sinuses ↔️ Reduces skull weight

  Nasal Cavity ↔️ Filters and moistens air
• What is the primary function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

  Filters, warms, and moistens air
• Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

  Alveoli
• Steps to use a spirometer correctly:

  1️⃣ Prepare the spirometer

  2️⃣ Stand or sit upright

  3️⃣ Inhale deeply

  4️⃣ Seal lips around mouthpiece

  5️⃣ Exhale forcefully

  6️⃣ Read the measurement
• What happens to air pressure in the thoracic cavity during expiration?

  Increases
• How does the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system maintain pH in acidic conditions?

  Decreases H+ levels
• What does the spirometer measure when you exhale forcefully?

  Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)