NatSci12_Chapter1

• Science is a systematic study of anything that can be examined, tested, and verified
• Science uses observation, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world
• Branches of Science(6 mentioned in discussion): Mathematical Science, Physical Science, Earth Science, Social Sciences, Technology, Life Science/Biology
• relationship between things that can be measured/quantified in either real/abstract form Mathematical Science
• investigate the nature and behavior of matter and energy Physical Science
• examine the structure and composition of our planet, and the physical processes that have helped to shape it Earth Science
• explore human society past and present, and the way human beings behave Social Sciences
• scientific knowledge is put to practical ends Technology
• general study of the origin, development, structure, function, evolution, and distribution of living things Life Science/Biology
• Unifying Themes of Biology Energy, Evolution, Stability, Systems and Interactions, Unity and Biodiversity
• organisms require energy to grow and reproduce Energy
• changes in living things through time explain the inherited similarities and the diversity in all forms of life Evolution
• biological systems tend to achieve a stable equilibrium Stability
• Unifying theme that represents human body systems (organs) interact to carry on life functions Systems and Interactions
• Unifying theme of biology that demonstrates differences and similarities between different living organisms Unity and Biodiversity
• the science and practice of producing trees, crops, and livestock from the natural resources of the earth Agriculture
• the study of organisms’ structures and their parts Anatomy
• the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level Biochemistry
• the attempt to create products inspired by biological systems or to modify and interact with the biological systems Bioengineering
• the use of information technology for the study, collection, and storage of genomic and other biological data Bioinformatics
• the study of plants Botany
• the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell Cell Biology
• the study of the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife Conservation Biology
• the study of the effects of lower than normally preferred temperatures on living beings Cryobiology
• the study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote to full structure Developmental Biology
• the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment Ecology
• the scientific study of insects Entomology
• Study of evolution, habitats and adaptations of living organisms Environmental Biology
• the study of the origin and descent of species over time Evolutionary Biology
• the study of genes and heredity Genetics
• concerned with reptiles and amphibians Herpetology
• the branch of zoology that deals with fishes Ichthyology
• the microscopic study, of the tissues of an animal or plant Histology
• The study of large living organisms. Macrobiology
• study of mammals mammals
• the study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings in the ocean Marine Biology
• the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things Microbiology
• the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry Molecular Biology
• study of fungi Mycology
• a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds Ornithology