QUIZZZYY

• Central region of the body consists of the head, neck, and trunk
• Trunk can be divided into three regions: thorax, abdomen, and pelvis
• Thorax is the chest cavity where the heart and lungs are located
• Abdomen contains organs such as the liver, the stomach, and the intestines
• Pelvis contains the bladder and reproductive organs
• Upper limb is divided into the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
• Arm extends from the shoulder to the elbow
• Forearm extends from the elbow to the wrist
• Lower limb is divided into thigh, leg, ankle, and foot
• Thigh extends from the hip to the knee
• Leg extends from the knee to the ankle
• Abdomen is often subdivided superficially into four quadrants: right-upper, left-upper, right-lower, and left-lower quadrants
• Abdomen is subdivided into nine regions:

  • Umbilical region: centermost region, deep to and surrounding the umbilicus
  • Epigastric region: superior to the umbilical region
  • Hypogastric (pubic) region: inferior to the umbilical region
  • Right and left iliac, or inguinal regions: lateral to the hypogastric region
  • Right and left lumbar regions: lateral to the umbilical region
  • Right and left hypochondriac regions: flank the epigastric region and contain the lower ribs
• Planes:

  • Sagittal plane separates the body or a structure into right and left halves
  • Median plane is a sagittal plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into equal right and left halves
  • Transverse (horizontal) plane runs parallel to the ground, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions
  • Frontal (coronal) (crown) plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves
• Sections:

  • Longitudinal section is a cut along the length of the organ
  • Transverse section or cross-section cuts completely through an organ
  • Oblique section is a cut made diagonally across the long axis
• Body cavities:

  • Dorsal body cavity has two subdivisions: cranial cavity and spinal cavity
  • Cranial cavity is the space inside the bony skull containing the brain
  • Spinal cavity extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral column containing the spinal cord
  • Ventral body cavity contains all structures within the chest and abdomen
  • Thoracic cavity is separated from the rest of the ventral cavity by the diaphragm
  • Pleural cavity contains the lungs
  • Pericardial cavity contains the heart
• • Mediastinum is the central portion of the thoracic cavity containing all thoracic viscera except the lungs
  • Abdominopelvic cavity is inferior to the diaphragm containing the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
  • Pelvic cavity is enclosed by bones of the pelvis containing the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, and internal reproductive organs
• Minor body cavities:

  • Orbital cavity for the eyes
  • Nasal cavity for olfactory epithelium
  • Buccal cavity for the tongue, teeth, palate, uvula, and tonsils