2nd Exam

• Balance - Elements are arranged to create a feeling of stability in work. It is the principle of art concerned with arranging elements so no one part of a work overpowers, or heavier than any other part.
• Balance principle is either seen or felt by the viewer.
• Balance Principle in Arts has two kinds: Formal Balance and Informal Balance
• Formal Balance - is also known as symmetrical balance. It means two halves are mirror image. It is achieved by arranging elements on either side of the center of a composition in an equally weighted manner. It can be thought of as 50/50 balance or like a mirror image.
• Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci is an example of a formal balance.
• Informal balance is also known as symmetrical balance. It means two unlike elements seem to carry equal weight. When one side of composition does not reflect the design of the other.
• Whistler's Mother by James McNeill is an example of an informal balance.
• Variety is of principle of design concerned with diversity. Variety is achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art. Movement is principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer's eye throughout the work of art.
• Harmony is a principle of arts that shows the quality of how the visual elements are working together in a composition. It is achieved when all elements have unity and cohesion, giving a sense of completion to an artwork.
• Opulent October by Tom Thomson is an example that shows the Harmony principle.
• Emphasis is a principle of art defined as the focal point of an image, when one area or thing stands out the most. In order to bring attention to the focal point, subordination is done by minimizing or toning down other compositional elements.
• The Shootings of May Third by Fancisco Goya, 1808 is an example that applies the principle of Emphasis.
• Proportion is a principle of art concerned with the relationship of one part to another and to the whole. It refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design. The issue is the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole. In art the size relationship between an object and the human body is significant. In experiencing the scale of an artwork we tend to compare its size to the size of our own bodies.
• Proportion refers to the relative size of parts of a whole (elements within an object).
• Rhythm is a principle of art that suggests movement or action. It is achieved through repetition of lines, shapes, colours, and more. It is a little of both pattern and repetition, yet the it can vary.
• The rhythm of a piece of art can be controlled by everything from colour and value to line and shape.
• Unity in art (also called harmony) is when all the elements and principles work together to create a pleasing image. In other words, it is the oneness of artwork. This principle of art is used by artists to tie a composition together and achieve a sense of wholeness in a piece of art.
• The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh is a great example of application to the principle Rhythm.
• Young Woman with a Water Pitcher by Johannes Vermeer Dutch is a great example of application to the principle Unity.
• Contrast is an principle of art that refers to the difference between two things to create interest and tension.