Socialism in europe and the russian revolution

• Autocracy- The rule by the king with absolute powers.
• Bloody Sunday- Led by Father Gapon. Over 100 workers were killed and 300 wounded when the procession of workers was attacked by the police near Winter Palace.
• Duma- Russian parilament.
• The First World War- 1914-1918. Fought between:

  Central Powers:- Germany, Austria and Turkey.

  Allied Powers:- France, Britain and Russia.
• February Revolution- 1917. There was a shortage of food. This led to strikes. Sensing trouble, The Tsar abdicated and a Provisional Government was formed.
• April Theses- In april, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia. He had three demands: 1. The war (WW1) must be bought to a close. 2. Land must be transferred to the peasants. 3. Banks must be nationalised.
• Bolsheviks- A radical socialist party that wanted to overthrow the government.
• October Revolution- Also known as the Red October. It took place on November 6th 1917. The Bolsheviks seized power from the provisional government.
• Civil War- After the October Revolution, Russia was divided in three groups: A. The Reds (Bolsheviks). B. The Greens (Socialist Revolutionaries). C. The Whites (Tsarists). The greens and whites were supported by France, USA, Britain and Japan.
• Collectivisation- peasants were forced to cultivate in collective farms (kolkhoz).
• The Five Year Plans- Stalin's plan to industrialise Russia quickly. They involved building factories, railways and mines. By 1940, there were more than 50 million workers employed in industry.