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Physics P4
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Subdecks (3)
Motor Effect
Physics P4
16 cards
Permanent & Induced Magnets
Physics P4
8 cards
Electromagnetism
Physics P4
9 cards
Cards (57)
Magnets have a
north
and
south
pole
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Between two magnets,
like
poles repel and
opposite
poles
attract
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Permanent magnets
are always
magnetic
and always have
poles
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Induced magnets
can be produced from materials that are
magnetic
but do not have
fixed poles
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Iron
,
Nickel
, and
Cobalt
are common induced
magnetic materials
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Magnetic
fields
are shown using
field lines
that point from
north
to
south
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The strength of the magnetic field
decreases
as distance from the magnet
increases
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Small
plotting compasses
can be used to plot the
shape
of a
magnetic field
around a
small magnetised
object
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The Earth's core is
magnetic
and
currents
within it create a large
magnetic field
around the Earth
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A freely suspended magnetic compass aligns itself with the Earth's
field
lines and points
North
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Current
flowing in a wire produces a
magnetic field
around the wire
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The direction of the magnetic field around a wire is dictated by the
'right hand grip rule'
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Solenoids
are formed from a
coil
of
wire
with
current
flowing through
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Factors affecting the strength of the magnetic field produced by a solenoid include:
size
of
current
,
length of
coil,
cross-sectional
area, number of
turns
(coils), and
type
of
core
used
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Two magnets
will
interact
, feeling a
magnetic force
of
attraction
or
repulsion
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Fleming's
Left-Hand
Rule can be used to find the
direction
of the force between a
magnet
and a
wire
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An electric motor can be made using
permanent magnets
and a
coil
of
current-carrying wire
that
rotates
due to
induced forces
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A
conductor
forms a
potential difference
as
electrons
move within it due to a
change
in the
magnetic field
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Electric generators work by
rotating
a
coil
of
wire
between two
permanent magnets
to
induce
a
potential difference
and
produce
an
alternating current
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Alternating current constantly
changes direction
, producing a
changing magnetic field
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Transformers
work by
inducing
a
current
in a
secondary coil
through a
changing magnetic field
created by an
alternating current
in the
primary coil
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If there are more
turns on
the
secondary coil
, a
step-up transformer
is produced,
increasing voltage
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If
there
are fewer
turns on
the
secondary coil
, a
step-down transformer
is produced,
decreasing voltage
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Dynamic microphones
produce a
current proportional
to the
sound signal
by
inducing current
in a
coil
of
wire
that
moves
within a
fixed magnet
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