controlling blood glucose

• Blood glucose concentration is controlled by the hormones insulin and glucagon
• Blood glucose concentration refers to the amount of sugar in the bloodstream
• A balance is needed to ensure blood glucose concentration is not too high or too low
• After consuming a meal high in carbohydrates, the glucose molecules are broken down in the intestines and absorbed into the bloodstream, causing an increase in blood glucose concentration
• Pancreas detects the rise in glucose levels and releases insulin into the bloodstream
• Insulin binds to receptors on cells, prompting them to take in glucose for energy production
• Liver and muscle cells play a crucial role in taking up extra glucose and converting it into glycogen for storage
• As glucose is removed from the blood, the blood glucose concentration decreases
• Glucagon is released by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels
• Glucagon acts by breaking down glycogen into glucose molecules, increasing blood glucose concentration
• Insulin decreases blood glucose levels, while glucagon increases blood glucose levels, creating a negative feedback loop
• The body maintains blood glucose levels by releasing insulin and glucagon as needed