EDUC 110

• The teacher's role is to facilitate learning.
• Utilitarianism:

  • An act is good or morally right if it promotes happiness and bad or immoral if it produces pain
• Empiricism:

  • Knowledge comes from experience, specifically referring to "sensory experience"
• Pragmatism:

  • Thinking or dealing with problems in a practical way rather than by using theory or abstract principles
• Building New Social Order:

  • Schools become instruments for social improvement
• Social Reconstructionism:

  • Firmly committed to equally both education and society
• Critical Pedagogy:

  • Teaching and learning is a process of inquiry
• John Locke - The Empiricist Educator:

  • Learning by doing and by interacting with the environment
• Herbert Spencer - Utilitarian Education:

  • Schools must be related to life and to the activities needed to earn a living
  • The fittest survive. Individual competition leads to social progress
• John Dewey - Learning Through Experience:

  • Education is a social process and so school is intimately related to the society that it serves
  • Genuine situation of experience
• George Counts - Building New Social Order:

  • Coping with social change that arises from Technology
• Teodore Brameld - Social Reconstructionism:

  • Engaging students in problem-solving
  • Charge a new society not just change society
• Paulo Freire - Critical Pedagogy:

  • Learning is a process of inquiry
  • A democratic relationship between the teacher and the student
  • Problem-posing education
• Historical Foundation of Education:

  • John Dewey: Education is an institution created by society
  • Education during the Republic focused on the rights of the Filipino
  • New Society focuses on bilingual or the 2 languages, national development, fostering love of country, and teaching the duties of citizenship
  • 21st Century aims to provide the school-age population and young adults with skills, knowledge, and values
  • Pre-Colonial Period had informal education that was religion-oriented
  • Spanish Period focused on Christianity
• • American Period taught democracy as a way of life, with the arrival of the Thomasites on August 23, 1901
  • Commonwealth Period aimed to help prepare for the coming independence of a new Filipino Nation
  • Japanese Era aimed to diffuse the Japanese language in the Philippines and terminate the use of English language in schools, promoting manual labor
  • During the Republic, there was a promotion of equal educational opportunities for all
  • Republic Act 9155 transformed the name of the Department of Education in Culture and Arts (DECS) to the Department of Education (DEPED)
• • Republic Act 10533 implemented the K-12 program starting in 2012-2013 and finished by the SY 2017-2018
• Social-Science Theory:

  • Helps us understand/explain human behavior and society
• Structural-Functional Theory:

  • Focuses on the different parts of society working together to maintain stability
  • Provides knowledge and skills to individuals
• Main Principles:

  • Society is a system of interconnected parts each with a unique function, working together for stability and balance
  • Education serves the needs of society through the development of skills that encourage social cohesion
  • Culture is a glue that binds society together, leading to social order
• AGIL Scheme:

  • Cultural System (Latency Function): providing norms and values that motivate individuals
  • Action System (Adaptation Function): adjusting to and transforming the external world
  • Social System (Integration Function): controlling its parts to work together
  • Personality System (Goal Attainment): defining system goals and mobilizing resources to attain them
• Conflict-Consensus Theory:

  • Examines power struggles and conflicts within society
  • Emphasizes the role of power dynamics and inequality in shaping social relationships and structure
  • Conflict involves problems, while consensus involves negotiation, agreements, and solutions to the problem
• Symbolic-Interactionist Theory:

  • When people interact with others, they use symbols or gestures that create meaning
  • Interactions towards individuals
• Strengths and Weaknesses:

  • Weaknesses include extreme family-centeredness, extreme personalism, lack of discipline, passivity, lack of initiative, colonial mentality, lack of cooperation, lack of self-analysis, self-reflection, and emphasis on "Porma" rather than substance
  • Strengths include family orientation, strong sense of empathy, joy and humor, flexibility, adaptability, creativity, hard work, industry, ability to survive, faith, and religiosity
• Global Issues Concerning School and Society:

  • Climate change
  • Pollution
  • Violence (physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, spiritual or religious, cultural, verbal, financial, neglect)
  • Security and well-being
  • Lack of education leading to unemployment
  • Government corruption
  • Malnourishment and hunger
  • Substance abuse
  • Terrorism
• Solutions to Global Issues - The SDG:

  • The SDG has 17 goals from 2015-2030
• Students need opportunities to practice what they have learned through activities such as group work, discussions, and hands-on experiences.
• Learning occurs when students actively engage with the content being taught, rather than simply listening or watching.
• Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offer free access to course materials and connect learners across the globe.
• Learning occurs when students actively engage with the content, not just passively listening or watching.
• Virtual Learning Environments provide platforms for online collaboration, communication, and resource sharing.
• Learning occurs when students actively engage with the content being taught.
• Learning Management Systems (LMS) allow instructors to manage course materials, assign grades, and communicate with students.
• Teachers are responsible for creating an environment that supports student learning.
• Assessment is an important part of teaching because it helps teachers understand their students' learning needs and adjust instruction accordingly.
• Summative assessment measures student performance at the end of a unit or course and can be used to evaluate overall achievement.
• Formative assessment provides ongoing feedback to students about their progress and areas where improvement is needed.
• Active learning strategies can be used across all grade levels and subject areas.
• Inquiry-based learning is an active learning strategy where students ask questions, gather information, analyze data, draw conclusions, and communicate their findings.
• Project-Based Learning involves students working together to complete a project over several weeks, allowing them to apply knowledge and skills in real-world contexts.
• Online learning platforms like Coursera, edX, Udacity, Khan Academy, Codecademy, and Duolingo are popular options for online courses.