Science

• What is matter?

  Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• A person who called atomos–that came from a Greek word

  Democritos
• What is the meaning of atomos?

  Minute particles
• This is the person who further presented concrete evidence, the he called atoms(Wich he change)

  John Dalton
• Atom


  Is the smallest particles of an element
• What is called the two or more atoms combined 


  Molecule
• 4 particle nature of matter

  1.composed of a large number of a very tiny particles

  2. Constantly moving in any direction

  3.there are spaces between the particles

  4.there are force of attraction between particles
• Closely packed

  Solid
• Solid


  •composed: Closely packed

  •movement: Vibarate

  •space: Have small space between them

  •force of attraction: very strong

  •and it holds the particles together
• Liquid

  •composed: loosely arrange but still close together

  •movement: move quite fast

  •space: small space between them, but larger than in a solid

  •force of attraction: weaker, and do not hold the particles together
• Gases

  •composed: are not arrange

  •movement: move the fastest

  •space: very big space between them

  •force of attraction: weakest, and particles move about freely
• Name 2 properties of matter

  1.Physical properties

  2.Chemical properties
• What is physical properties?


  Observed or measured without changing the identity of substance
• What is Chemical properties?


  Observed or measured as a substances change its identity
• Mass


  it is the amount of matter
• Volume


  It is the space occupied by matter
• Solubility 


  Ability of a solid to dissolve in a liquid
• Miscibility 


  Ability of a liquid to dissolved in another liquid
• Hardness

  A property of a solid to resist compression or scratching
• Malleability 


  Ability of a metal to flattened into sheets
• Melting point 


  A temperature at which a substance begins to change from solid to liquid
• Boiling point

  A temperature at which a substance begins to bubble up and change from liquid to gas
• Conductivity 


  Ability of some material to conduct heat or electricity
• Ductility 


  Ability of some material to be drawn into wires
• Brittleness


  Property of some materials that make them easily break
• 2 parts of physical properties 


  Intensive property

  Extensive property
• Extensive property

  A change in quality that depends on an amount
• Intensive property

  Do not depend on the amount
• Chemical properties 


  Ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance.
• Chemical – a characteristic of a substance that describe it's ABILITY to change into difference substance
• Physical properties

  Color

  Volume

  Length

  Capacity
• Chemical properties

  Acidity

  Reactivity

  Flammability

  Toxicity
• Intensive

  Color

  taste

  odor

  hardness

  Density

  Specific gravity

  Boiling point

  Freezing point
• Extensive 


  Weight

  Mass

  Volume

  Length

  width

  Thickness

  Area

  Height
• He believes that natural has two things

  Leucippus
• Nature has two things

  Void and atoms
• Leucippus disciple


  Democritos
• Aristotle 


  He challenge democritos
• Angstrom 


  Unit of length equal to one ten millionths of millimeter
• Types of microscope 


  Best light microscope

  Electron microscope

  Scanning tunneling microscope