Topic 1.2

• • Regulation and control of the uses of water, land, and other resources through the application of science and technology?

  watershed management
• Primary tasks of a watershed manager is to maximize amount of rainwater stored underground

  • And to maintain desired quality and quantity of streamflow
  • Regulate and control use of land, water and other watershed resources
• Management Objectives

  • Eradicate pervasive poverty

  • Improve conservation of natural resources (soil, water including biodiversity)

  • Promote more equitable sharing of benefits and costs

  • Realize more active involvement of all stakeholders (local communities and other relevant groups)

  • Facilitate development of mutually beneficial arrangements among stakeholders

  • Promote an orderly and less damaging use of land and other natural resources

  • Instill institutional mechanisms that will guarantee sustainability of watershed management activities
• Primary objective of Watershed Management

  is to ensure sustainability of water resources
• • Also referred to as Watershed Profiling and Watershed Situational Analysis

  • Process of describing the watershed features

  • Using qualitative and quantitative methods

  • Main goal is to understand why the watershed is behaving the way it is

  • For instance, if the watershed is faced with water degradation, watershed characterization answers the question why

  Watershed Characterization
• as the population increases, do the uplands will decrease in terms of forestlands? t/f

  true
• as the surface runoff increases, the water storage underground decreases? t/f


  true
• key to watershed plan is the institutional mechanism? t/f


  true
• sustainability of water resources depends on the sustainability of other watershed resources and communities
• objectives of watershed management can encompass physical, biological and socioeconomic concerns
• single use watershed is not practical in the Philippines? t/f


  true
• one of the tasks of the watershed manager is not to prohibit the use of a watershed but to regulate and make sure that the use of any portion of the watershed does not compromised
• in order to know that the watershed is in a good condition is to look on the quality and quantity of water
• one of the challenges of the management of watershed is too many plans on managing the watershed
• one of the challenges in watershed management is to harmonize the diverse and often competing priorities and visions of these LGUs? t/f

  true
• what are the major watershed management practices?

  Watershed Characterization, watershed planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation
• Behavior of a watershed is the product of interplay of physical, biological and socioeconomic factors
• Also referred to as Watershed Profiling and Watershed Situational Analysis?

  watershed characterization
• first thing to do in watershed characterization is the water delineation? t/f

  true
• Main goal is to understand why the watershed is behaving the way it is?

  watershed characterization
• when the surface runoff increase due to the population increasement, the upland is?

  pressured
• this is the main objective of the watershed management?

  instill institutional mechanism
• Science-based management is the application of understanding on the interaction of watershed features
• key watershed features?

  soil condition, groundwater, streamflow, water related risks, agricultural/ industrial productivity, coastal and marine productivity, policies and programs, knowledge, Attitude, and practices, land use, biodiversity, pese and diseases, land form, climate change
• stakeholders analysis is the community-based approach
• Holistic and system approach, Ecosystem approach, Participatory approach: various stakeholders – equitable sharing of benefits and costs, Community-based approach, Science and technology-based decisions are the watershed management approaches
• We should not compartmentalize the management of a watershed is one complete system? t/f

  true
• compromise is the optimization of the watershed usage
• Combination of land uses does not promote balanced protection and production goals?t/f

  false
• Goals

  • Minimize adverse impacts on water, soil, biodiversity, other resources, and ecosystem services

  • Satisfy needs of stakeholders

  • Meet development goals of relevant sectors
• Primary tasks of a watershed manager is to maximize amount of rainwater stored underground? t/f


  true
• Hence objectives of watershed management can encompass physical, biological and socioeconomic concerns
• Dealing with Realities of Watershed Management

  • Multiple and varied demands

  • Multiple land uses

  • Varied users (and interests)

  • Multiple LGUs having jurisdiction over parts of a watershed

  • Multiple ecosystems that are sensitive to human activities
• the use of watershed should be compromised, not optimized? t/f

  false
• Integrity of ecosystems in a watershed is key to the sustainability of water
• Factors that determines the watershed behavior?

  climate, topography, soil, policies, management, government, resource use, culture
• Main goal is to understand why the watershed is behaving the way it is?

  watershed characterization
• Science-based management is the application of understanding on the interaction of watershed features