Safety And Safety

• Tripping Hazard:

  Cause:

  1. Trailing wires i.e. open wires

  Preventions:

  1. Use Cable Ducts
  2. Use Wireless
• Fire:

  Cause:

  1. overloaded wall sockets
  2. exposed wires causing short circuits

  Preventions:

  1. increase wall sockets
  2. don't cover cooling vents
  3. clean dust
• Overheating:

  Cause:

  1. computers giving lots of heat; rooms getting hot in the summers

  Preventions:

  1. install ac
  2. ensure ventilation
• Heavy Equipment Falling:

  Causes:

  1. equipment not placed properly
  2. unstable desks

  Preventions:

  1. secure mounting
  2. regular inspections
  3. proper cable management - to avoid dislodging of equipment
• Eloctrocution:

  Causes:

  1. faulty equipment
  2. spilling liquids
  3. exposed wires
  4. damaged insulation
  5. unsafe electrical equipment

  Preventions:

  1. no liquids near equipment
  2. regular inspection for damaged insulation
  3. use RCB
• Personal Data:

  • Information that identifies an individual
  • Eg: Name, address, DOB, school uniform, medical history
• Threats to personal data:

  • ID theft
  • Privacy Breach
  • Misuse of sale of information
  • Potential physical crimes or ransom situations
• Avoiding data disclosure:

  • Keep personal data confidential with strong passwords and privacy settings.
  • Limit access to authorized individuals.
  • Be cautious of the information you share online.
  • Verify website details on the data collection, storage and usage.
  • Access personal data only on secure, encrypted connections.
• Internet Safety:

  • Use trusted websites recommended by reputable sources.
  • Utilize search engines with age-appropriate information.
  • Never disclose personal data.
• Email Safety:

  • Be cautious about emails from unknown sources.
  • Only send personal data or images via emails to known recipients.
• Social Media Safety:

  • Block and report unwanted content messages.
  • Adjust privacy settings to limit visibility of posts.
  • Exercise caution when meeting online contacts in person.
  • Avoid sharing inappropriate content.
  • Respect others confidentiality and only accept friend requests from known indivisuals.
  • Keep parents informed about online activities and avoid sharing location details.
• Online Gaming Safety:

  • Use usernames that don't reveal real names.
  • Avoid sharing personal or financial details with other players.
  • Know how to block or report players for inappropriate behaviors.
• Cybersecurity Threats and Prevention:

  Hacking

  • Unauthorized access to computer systems.
  • Effects: Data deletion, corruption, theft, and disruption.
  • Prevention: Firewalls, strong passwords, security software, professional testing.

  Phishing

  • Deceptive emails or websites to steal personal information.
  • Effects: Identity theft, fraud.
  • Prevention: Email filters, verifying URLs and sender addresses.
• Pharming

  • Redirecting users to fake websites.
  • Effects: Fraudulent data collection.
  • Prevention: Anti-spyware software, verifying URLs.

  Smishing

  • SMS-based phishing.
  • Similar to phishing with text messages.
  • Recipients asked for personal information or to visit malicious websites.
  • Prevention: Caution with unsolicited messages, verification of URLs.

  Vishing

  • Voicemail-based phishing.
  • Users tricked into calling fake numbers and providing personal data.
  • Prevention: Verification of caller identity, skepticism towards unsolicited calls.
• Types of Malwares

  Viruses:

  Replicate/copy themselves to delete or corrupt files.

  Can cause computer malfunction.

  Spread through infected emails, websites, or software.

  Use anti-virus software and avoid unknown sources.

  
  

  Worms:

  Self-replicate to spread and corrupt networks.

  Spread without needing an active host program.

  Arrive as email attachments.

  Run up-to-date anti-virus software.
• Trojan Horses:

  Disguised as legitimate software.

  Replace or modify legitimate software to harm.

  Often spread through email attachments or infected websites.

  
  

  Spyware:

  Monitors user activities on the computer.

  Collects and sends gathered information to cybercriminals.

  Can include keyloggers to capture keystrokes.

  
  

  Adware:

  Floods computers with unwanted advertising.

  Can hijack browsers or create pop-ups.

  May highlight security weaknesses.
• Ransomware:

  Encrypts data and demands ransom for decryption.

  Often spread through Trojan horses or social engineering.

  Regular backups are crucial to avoid paying ransom.
• Fingerprint Scan:

  • Advantages:
  • Very high accuracy
  • Easy to use
  • Requires relatively small storage
  • Disadvantages:
  • Intrusive for some
  • Vulnerable to skin damage
• Signature Recognition:

  • Advantages:
  • Non-intrusive
  • Quick verification
  • Low-cost
  • Disadvantages:
  • Inconsistent signatures
  • High error rate
• Retina Scan:

  • Advantages:
  • Very high accuracy
  • Cannot be replicated
  • Disadvantages:
  • Intrusive
  • Slow verification
  • Expensive setup
• Iris Recognition:

  • Advantages:
  • Very high accuracy
  • Fast verification
  • Disadvantages:
  • Intrusive
  • Requires significant memory
  • Expensive setup
• Face Recognition:

  • Advantages:
  • Non-intrusive
  • Inexpensive
  • Disadvantages:
  • Affected by lighting and appearance changes
• Voice Recognition:

  • Advantages:
  • Non-intrusive
  • Fast verification
  • Relatively inexpensive
  • Disadvantages:
  • Vulnerable to recording
  • Low accuracy, susceptible to illness-induced voice changes
• Digital Certificates:

  • Advantages:
  • High accuracy
  • Easy to use
  • Small storage requirements
  • Disadvantages:
  • Some find it intrusive
  • Can make mistakes if damaged
  • Inconsistent signatures
  • Vulnerable to voice recording
• Encryption:

  • Protects data from illegal access
  • Uses encryption and decryption keys
  • Applied in emails, cloud storage, and data transfer
• Firewalls:

  • Filter incoming and outgoing network traffic
  • Prevent unauthorized access
  • Can be hardware or software-based
• Two-factor Authentication:

  • Requires two methods of authentication
  • Commonly used in online purchases
  • Enhances security with something user knows and something user has
• User IDs and Passwords:

  • Used to restrict access to data/systems
  • Should be hard to break, changed frequently
  • Combines username and password for access control
  • Additional measures include encryption, anti-spyware software, and limited login attempts.