[PROGG] Intro to Computers

• Electrical Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) is the first computer built on 1946 that is made of 18,000 vacuum tubes (glass) and weighed 30 tons.
• Electronic Delayed Storage Automatic Computer (EDSAC) that is built on 1949 used capacitors that is incorporated in a form of memory
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.
• Moore's Law (Gorden Moore) predicted that microprocessor complexity would double approximately every two years
• Information Processing Cycle

  Step 1: Collects data (input)
• Information Processing Cycle

  Step 3: Produces information (output)
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware
• Components of Computer

  Input Device - Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
• Components of Computer

  Output Device - Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people
• Components of Computer

  System Unit - Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data
• Components of Computer

  Storage Device - Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media
• Components of Computer

  Communications Device - Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
• Advantages of Using Computers

  • Speed
  • Reliability
  • Consistency
  • Storage
  • Communications
• Disadvantages of Using Computers

  • Health Risks
  • Violation of Privacy
  • Public Safety
  • Impact on Labor Force
  • Impact on Environment
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
• A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
• Usage of Network and Internet

  • Communicate
  • Research
  • Shop
  • Bank and Invest
  • Online Trading
  • Entertainment
  • Download Videos
  • Share Information
  • Web Application
• A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users
• Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
• System Software is the software that includes operating system and utility program (package na software)
• Application Software is a software that is installed by the users (ex: Photoshop)
• A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information
• Installing involved downloading executable file (.exe, file type), then install, and run the software.
• A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.(Ex: Desktop Computer)
• A game console is a mobile computing device designed for singleplayer or multiplayer video games
• A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network. It provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information
• Data Center is the term for server na for large scale
• Server Rack is the term for the storage of servers
• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously. Also called an “Enterprise Server”
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer. It is a collection of multiple mainframes. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second.
• Embedded Computers

  Consumer Electronics

  Mobile and digital telephones • Digital televisions • Cameras • Video recorders • DVD players and recorders • Answering machines
• Embedded Computer

  Home Automation Devices

  Thermostats • Sprinkling systems • Security monitoring systems • Appliances • Lights
• Embedded Computer

  Automobiles

  Antilock brakes • Engine control modules • Airbag controller • Cruise control
• Embedded Computer

  Process Controllers and Robotics

  Remote monitoring systems • Power monitors • Machine controllers • Medical devices
• Embedded Computer

  Computer Devices and Office Machines

  Keyboards • Printers • Faxes • Copiers
• Computer Usage

  Home User

  Personal financial management • Web access • Communications • Entertainment • Games
• Computer Usage

  Small Office/Home Office User

  • Look up information • Send and receive e-mail messages • Make telephone calls
• Computer Usage

  Mobile User

  Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet • Transfer information • Play video games • Listen to music • Watch movies