Ethics in Research

• • In life, you are always reminded to do what is right and proper by your parents. In research writing, you are also expected to follow the acceptable norms in doing research. You have to follow ethics which establishes the integrity of the paper.
• DEFENITION OF ETHICS

  • Ethics is a system of moral principles. It consists of norms for conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior.
  • Ethics generally is considered to deal with beliefs about what is right or wrong, proper or improper, good or bad. To be ethical is to conform to accepted professional practice.
• ETHICAL STANDARDS IN RESEARCH

  1.) Keep the integrity of the research.

  • Make sure that the gathered data are accurate, correct and validated.
  • Exercise intellectual honesty in reporting data, results, methods, procedures and publication status.
  • Properly cite all sources of information.
  • No fabrication, falsification, misinterpretation of data and plagiarism
  • Honor patents, copyrights and other forms of intellectual property.
• ETHICAL STANDARDS IN RESEARCH

  2.) Respect the dignity of the research participants.

  -> Respect for Persons

  • Anonymity - Protect respondent’s identity by making it anonymous.
  • Confidentiality - Handle gathered data and personal information of respondents with confidentiality.
  • Observe proper decorum in the conduct of the study.
  • Exercise culture and gender sensitivity.
• ETHICAL STANDARDS IN RESEARCH

  2.) Respect the dignity of the research participants.

  -> Informed consent

  • Has full knowledge of the study.
  • Recognize the right to withdraw.
  • Get consent to record interview or to take pictures and videos
• ETHICAL STANDARDS IN RESEARCH

  2.) Respect the dignity of the research participants.

  -> Beneficence (It is an action that is done for the benefit of others.)

  • Maximize benefits of the study to the respondents
  • Assure safety and no harm to the participants
  • Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate social harm.
• ETHICAL STANDARDS IN RESEARCH

  2.) Respect the dignity of the research participants.

  -> Justice

  • Exercise fairness in the selection process of participants.
  • Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research.
• ETHICS IN RESEARCH

  Exercise - responsibility and obligation to the research community

  Seek - different perspectives.

  Seek - Continuously seek opportunities for professional development. Maintain and improve professional competence and expertise.

  Take - credit for work actually performed or substantially contributed.

  Do not take on - a research if personal, financial, legal or other interest if it might impair your judgment and objectivity as a researcher.
• UNETHICAL PRACTICES IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH

  1. Deceiving a respondent about the true purpose of a study
  2. Asking a respondent questions that cause him or her extreme embarrassment; guilt emotional turmoil by remaining him or her of an unpleasant experience.
  3. Invading the privacy of a respondent
  4. Studying the respondents or research subjects without their knowledge
  5. When analyzing the data—revealing only part of the facts, presenting facts out of context, falsifying findings or offering misleading presentation such as lying with statistics