Ch 11

• Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood
• Adolescence plays a decisive role in the formation of pro-social or anti-social adults
• Adolescence poses many challenges and demands adjustments on many fronts
• In India, adolescents do most of the work themselves, but final decisions regarding various domains of life are taken by their parents
• Adolescence in the Indian social system comes under Brahmacharya, the first ashram of developmental stage
• Erikson believed that each stage of life is marked by a specific crisis or conflict between competing tendencies
• Adolescents must integrate various roles into a consistent self-identity during this phase
• Adolescence is a period of physical change and psychological transition from a child to an adult
• Adolescents must achieve new and more mature relations with age peers of both sexes
• Adolescents must achieve emotional independence from parents and other adults
• Adolescents must prepare for an occupation, marriage, and family life
• Adolescents must develop intellectual skills and concepts necessary for civic competence
• Adolescents must acquire a set of values and an ethical system as a guide to behavior
• Adolescence is marked by social changes such as leaving home, getting a job, and voting
• The problems adolescents face have both biological and social roots
• Physical changes during adolescence include an increase in height and weight, changes in bodily proportions, and facial feature alterations
• Hormonal changes differentiate the sexes, with males producing more androgens and females producing more estrogens
• Adolescents must solve vital problems to transition successfully from childhood to adulthood
• Gender roles refer to the expectations concerning the roles males and females should perform and the ways they should behave