SPANISH COLONIZATION

• EAST: PORTUGAL (KING JOHN II)

  WEST: SPAIN (KING FERDINAND II AND QUEEN ISABELLA I)
• The Polo or forced labor is another Spanish that had created discontent among the Indios during the Spanish times. All men between sixteen and sixty years of age, except chieftains and their elder sons, were required to render labor of various forms for 40 days in the colony. This was instituted in 1580 and reduced to 15 days per year in 1884 (Constantino 1975: 51).
•  In  July 26, 1523, King Charles V decreed that Indians who had been pacified should contribute a “moderate amount” in recognition of their vassalage (Cushner 1979: 101). In theory the tribute or tax was collected from the natives in order to defray the costs of colonization and to recognize their vassalage to the king of Spain (Ibid).
•  The word “encomienda” comes from the Spanish “encomendar” which means “to entrust.” Ecomienda is a grant  of inhabitants living in particular conquered territory which Spain gave to Spanish colonizer as a reward for his services (Zaide 1987: 76)
• THE PATRONATO REAL DE LAS INDIAS

  (a Combination of Laws & Jurisprudence that governed the delicate

   Relationship between the Catholic Church and Spanish Crown)
• The 3 Gs

  GOD -THE CONVERSION OF NATIVES TO CHRISTIANITY

  GOLD - ACCUMULATION OF GOLD OR WEALTH

  GLORY - SUPREMACY OF SPAIN OVER PORTUGAL AS A SUPERPOWER
• The Famous Blood Compact of Legazpi

  with Sikatuna

  in Bohol
• MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI

  • BORN IN 1502 DIED 1572
  • HE WAS BORN OF A NOBLE FAMILY IN THE BASQUE PROVINCEOF GUIPOZCOA IN SPAIN
  • A SPANISH BORN SOLDIER & LAWYER
  • BETWEEN 1526-1527, HE WORKED AS COUNCILOR IN

  MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF HIS TOWN

  • WORKED AS LEADER OF FINANCIAL DEPT. & CIVIL

  GOVERNOR OF MEXICO

  ESTABLISHED FIRST COLONY IN THE PHILIPPINES IN 1565.
• LEGAZPI'S ACHIEVEMENTS

  • Peace Accord with Local Leaders:Blood Compacts
  • Conquest & establishment of Cebu as the oldest Spanish City
  • Conquest of Panay and other Islands
  • Founding of the City of Manila
• LOAISA EXPEDITION (1525)

       CONTINGENT: 7 SHIPS & 450 MEN

       RESULTS: FAILURE TO REACH RP
• CABOT EXPEDITION (1526)

  CONTINGENT: 4 SHIPS & 250 MEN

  RESULTS: FAILURE TO REACH RP
• SAAVEDRA EXPEDITION (1527)

  CONTINGENT: 3 SHIPS & 110 MEN

  RESULTS: REACHED MINDANAO BUT FAILED TO COLONIZE
• VILLALOBOS EXPEDITION

  CONTINGENT: 6 SHIPS & 200 MEN

  RESULTS: REACHED MINDANAO BUT FAILED TO COLONIZE

                     RUY LOPEZ DE VILLALOBOS NAMED AS “ISLAS FILIPINAS”

                     IN HONOR OF KING PHILIP II
• Rediscovery of the Philippines: 1521
• TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494) - POPE ALEXANDER VI
• MAGELLAN'S SHIP

  • CONCEPCION
  • VICTORIA
  • SAN ANTONIO
  • SANTIAGO
  • TRINIDAD
• BAPTISM OF KING HUMABON AND QUEEN JUANA OF CEBU
• THE TRIBUTE

  • King Charles V decreed that Indians who had been pacified should contribute a “moderate amount
  • In theory the tribute or tax was collected from the natives in order to defray the costs of colonization and to recognize their vassalage to the king of Spain