Nervous System

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Sybieee -

Cards (56)

  • NERVOUS SYSTEM - sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body. detects and processes sensory information and thoughts and activates bodily responses.
  • BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, PERIPHERAL NERVES - parts of the nervous system.
  • 2 Parts of the Nervous System
    1. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
    2. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
  • CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - made up of the brain and the spinal cord. the body's processing center. receives, process, and responds to sensory info. processes the input
  • BRAIN and SPINAL CORD - parts of the Central Nervous System
  • BRAIN - a complex organ which interprets and control thoughts, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger, and every process that regulates our body
  • CEREBRUM, BRAIN STEM, CEREBELLUM - parts of the brain
  • CEREBRUM - largest part of the brain which comprises gray matter (cerebral cortex) and controls intelligence, memory, personality, emotion, speech, and ability to feel and move.
  • CORPUS CALLOSUM - a band of nerve fibers in the center of the brain
  • RIGHT HEMISPHERE, LEFT HEMISPHERE - the hemisphere of the cerebrum
  • 4 lobes
    1. FRONTAL LOBE
    2. TEMPORAL LOBE
    3. PARIETAL LOBE
    4. OCCIPITAL LOBE
  • FRONTAL LOBE - control movement, speech, and some of the functions are of the mind like behavior, mood, memory, organization
  • TEMPORAL LOBE - responsible for hearing, memory, language, and comprehension
  • PARIETAL LOBE - responsible for sensory perception such as touch, taste, temperature, pain, pressure, vibration, and proprioception
  • OCCIPITAL LOBE - responsible for vision
  • THALAMUS - the relay station of the brain, it receives and processes sensory information from the sensory cortex. moves information to and from the lobes, and controls movement and memory
  • HYPOTHALAMUS - controls the autonomic nervous system. controls appetite, thirst, body temperature, and produces hormones
  • BRAIN STEM - the middle and smallest part of the brain. connects the brain to the other parts of the body. the base of the brain which is important for breathing, blood pressure, and how the body reacts to danger
  • MIDBRAIN, PONS, MEDULLA - parts of the brain stem
  • CEREBELLUM (LITTLE BRAIN) - fist-sized portion of the brain located at the back of the head that controls coordination, balance, and motor skills
  • SPINAL CORD - long tube-like band of tissue that connects the brain to the rest of the body. carries nerve signals from the brain
  • VERTEBRAL COLUMN - the framework of the spinal cord and the vertebrae. composed of 33 vertebrae.
  • PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - the part of the nervous system that lies outside the brain and spinal cord. plays key role in sending information from different areas of the body back to the brain and vice versa. connects the organ and the lymph to the brain.
  • LYMPH NODES OF THE HEAD AND NECK - lymph nodes in the upper and lower extremities
  • SPINAL NERVES - brain to the different parts of the body
  • CRANIAL NERVES - different parts to the brain
  • Sub-parts of the Peripheral Nervous System
    1. SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
    2. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
  • SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - consists of nerves that go to the skin and muscles and is involved in conscious activities. voluntary control of the body movements
  • AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressures, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal
  • Parts of the Autonomic Nervous System
    1. SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
    2. PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
  • SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - controls fight or flight responses and when is the body is in stress, constricted eyes
  • PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - regulates rest and digest functions and when the body is relaxed, normal eyes
  • NERVE CELLS (NEURONS) - basic unit of communication in the nervous system. processes information and carry signals or impulses
  • CELL BODY (SOMA) - spherical part of the neuron that contains the nucleus. it receives signals or impulses
  • DENDRITES - usually short, narrow, and highly branched root-like structures/projections from the cell body. it carries impulses towards the cell body
  • AXON - thin fiber that connects neurons to that they can communicate. carry the impulses away from the cell body
  • NUCLEUS - the center and the most powerful that is inside the cell body which controls the entire neuron. its is a structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes
  • MYELIN SHEATH - covers the axon, protects the axon, and increases the speed of the signal
  • SCHWANN CELL - glial cells that produces the myelin sheath on axons outside the brain
  • NODE OF RANVIER - allows diffusion of ions and the generation of fast electrical impulse along the axon. is is found between the axon