Muscular Sytem :)

• What is the purpose of flexibility?

  Flexibility allows joints and muscles to move through their full range of motion.
• What are ligament and what is their function?

  Ligaments are tough, fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones. Their function is to provide stability and support to joints.
• Connective Tissues?

  Tendons - Connect muscle to bone. Non - Elastic. Transfer force from muscle to bones.

  Ligaments - Links bone to bone. Tough and elastic and stabilises joints.

  Cartilage - Prevents rubbing of the bones connected together.
• Blood Vessels?

  Arteries, veins, capillaries.
• What are the 12 muscles?

  Deltoid, Latissimus Dorsi, Pectoralis Major, External Obliques, Biceps, Triceps, Quadriceps, Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius, Hip Flexors, Gluteus Maximus, Tibialis Anterior.
• Antagonistic Pairs?

  Biceps - Triceps.

  Quadriceps - Hamstrings.

  Gastrocnemius - Tibialis anterior.

  Hip Flexors - Gluteus maximus.

  Pectoralis major - Latissimus dorsi.
• Muscle types?

  Skeletal, cardiac, smooth.
• Smooth muscle?

  Smooth Muscle - Found in the internal organs and blood vessels - this is involuntary!
• Cardiac Muscles?

  Cardiac Muscles - Found only in the heart - This is involuntary!
• Skeletal Muscle?

  Skeletal Muscle - Found attached to the skeleton - this is voluntary
• What does Involuntary mean?

  Means not under our conscious, we can't control them, they do things on their own.
• What does voluntary mean?

  Done willingly or by choice.
• What are the fast twitch fibres?

  Slow twitch fibre type 1.

  Fast twitch fibre type 2a.

  Fast twitch fibre type 2x.
• Slow twitch fibre type 1?

  Produces low force.

  Slow speed of contraction.

  High endurance.

  Positive - Good in endurance activity, to keep going without fatiguing.

  For example - Leg muscles in a cross country race.

  Negative - Doesn't produce power.
• Fast twitch fibre type 2a?

  Produces high force.

  Moderate speed of contraction.

  Medium endurance.

  Positive - More resistant to fatigue than type 2x.

  For example - In a 400m race.

  Negative - Not as powerful as type 2x or as resistant to fatigue as type 1.
• Fast twitch fibre type 2x?


  Produces very high force.

  Fast contracting.

  Low endurance.

  Positive - Good for short, explosive actions requiring power, strength and speed.

  For example - A sprint start or a 100m sprint.

  Negative - Only provides power for a very short time before becoming fatigued.
• What is oxygendept?


  Oxygendept is the amount of oxygen used to help recover the working muscles.