Strings

• Strings are written inside double quotation marks but sometimes single quotes are used
• Strings can be joined together to form new strings - this is called concatenation - It's often done using the + operator
• Characters in a string are usually numbered starting at 0
• What is the role of the x.upper string manipulation function?

  It changes all characters in string x to upper case
• What is the role of the x.lower string manipulation function?

  It changes all characters in string x to lower case
• What is the role of the x.length string manipulation function?

  It returns the number of characters in string x
• What is the role of the x.left(i) string manipulation function?

  It exctracts the first i characters from string x
• What is the role of the x.right(i) string manipulation function?

  It extracts the last i characters from string x
• What is the role of the x.substring(a, b) string manipulation function?

  It extracts a string starting at position a with length b from string x
• upper, lower, length, left, right and substring are special functions called methods - they act on a particular object (in this case strings) and are called using the object's name followed by a dot "." and the method's name
• substring, left, and right are examples of 'slicing' - where part of a string is extracted and returned as a new string