Case studies

• Impacts of major sporting events on localities: Rugby World Cup 2015

  1. Positives - £16 million spent on food and drink in London, £7 million in Cardiff, £85 million spent on improving infrastructure, 16,000 directly employed
  2. Negatives - antisocial behaviour, parking issues for locals, jobs were temporary contracts, cost of cleaning up came from local council
• Managing leisure in the Lake District:

  Example of honeypot site: Bownes-on-Windermere

  Impacts: traffic congestion, lack of parking, higher house prices due to holiday homes, water pollution/erosion, footpath erosion

  Managing leisure use: park and ride scheme (Honiston Rambler), car park surfaces reinforced with waffle slabs, 145 paths restored, restoration of native plants
• Sustainable communities: Urban

  BedZED in South London

  • Encourages use of shared electric cars, close to public transport links
  • Renewable energy sources (e.g solar panels, and houses are South facing and well heated so no need for central heating)
  • Rainwater is collected and reused
• Sustainable communities: Rural

  Cambourne village in Cambridgeshire

  • Has own primary/secondary school, cycle lanes and facilities to promote community welfare
  • However, only 20% of homes are energy efficient, house prices increasing, no renewable energy planned and transport is getting busier
• Sustainable communities: Rural

  Guided busway in Cambridgeshire (transport system)

  • Connects rural Cambridgeshire to the cuty centre and was built on old railway tracks. Reduces traffic congestion and carbon footprints
• Depopulation: Outer Hebrides

  The younger populations of rural areas are leaving, because of the lack of well-paid jobs and education. This is happening in the Outer Hebrides,due to a decline in farming, which has caused:

  • School closures
  • Working age population to decline
  • Services to be shut down
  • Decline in local economy