The force on an object is the product of its mass and acceleration.
If an unbalanced force acts on an object, it will change direction or speed until equilibrium is reached again.
Newton's first law states that if there are no resultant forces acting on an object, it will continue to move at constant velocity or remain stationary.
If the net force on an object changes, then the object will change speed or direction.
Acceleration can be calculated using the equation F = ma.
Forces can be balanced by having equal magnitudes acting in opposite directions (opposite pairs) or unequal magnitudes acting at right angles to one another (couples).
A couple is two forces that act perpendicularly to each other with different magnitudes but have the same line of action.
When a couple acts on an object, there are no resultant forces along the axis of rotation, so the object does not move.
Inertia is the tendency of objects to resist changes in their motion.
Weight is the gravitational pull on an object due to gravity.
A vector quantity has both magnitude (size) and direction, while a scalar quantity only has magnitude.
Forces can act on objects from different directions, resulting in a change in motion.
Forces can be represented as vectors using arrows with length proportional to their size and direction indicated by the arrowhead.
When two forces act on an object, they produce a resultant force which determines whether the object moves or not.
When two forces act together, they form a resultantforce which is equal but opposite to the sum of the individual forces.
Conduction
process by which vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles
force and change of momentum
force = change in momentum / change in time
Momentum
The product of an object's mass and velocity
momentum equation
mass x velocity (p=mv)
braking relies on
Friction between the brakes and wheels
factors affecting Braking distance
-speed
-how good you're brakes are
-how good tires are
-road conditions
factors affecting thinking distance
-speed
-reaction time, which is affected by drugs, tiredness, alchohol, lack of attention
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton's First Law
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Inertia
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
newton's second law
F = ma
A zero resultant force means
no acceleration
factors affecting terminal velocity
shape and area
terminal velocity
the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity
drag
resistance by friction from air or water moving over a surface
Friction
A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact
velocity-time graph
shows how velocity is related to time
distance-time graph
gradient = speed
uniform acceleration equation
final velocity^2-initial velocity^2 = 2 x acceleration x distance