Ch 5

• Renaissance means "Re-Birth" and depicts the revival of Art, Architecture, and Literature from the 14th to 17th century
• Renaissance began with the revival of interest in ancient classical culture of Greeks and Romans
• The period was known for new experiments, power of reasoning, laws, and discoveries, earning it the title "Age of Enlightenment"
• Renaissance spread from Early Renaissance to High Renaissance and finally to Mannerism and Baroque
• 14th-century Renaissance had prominent Artists like Duccio and Masaccio with a more gothic method of narration and less anatomy knowledge
• Artists in this period showed a sense of scientific proportion and observation in their paintings
• 15th-century Renaissance emphasized balance and harmony in Art and Nature
• Use of light, shadow, foreshortening, and perspective was perfected during this time
• Famous painters of this period include Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michael Angelo
• Mannerist Artists extended the principles of High Renaissance and represented elongated figures in illogical spaces
• Emphasis was given to showing the human soul with anatomically corrected human bodies
• Sandro Botticelli painted "Birth of Venus" in about 1486
• The painting depicts the classical goddess Venus emerging from the water on a shell, symbolizing beauty and truth
• Venus is shown with elongated neck and unusual anatomy, with a cool artificial light adding harmony to the painting
• Leonardo da Vinci painted "Mona Lisa" in the 16th century on poplar wood in oil colors
• The painting depicts a woman with a mysterious smile, framed with elements like hair, veil, and shadows
• Mona Lisa reflects Leonardo's vision to connect humanity with nature
• Michael Angelo created the sculpture "Pieta" in 1498-1499 from a single slab of marble
• The sculpture shows Virgin Mary holding the dead body of Christ, with unique drapery movements and strong anatomy details
• Other famous works by Michael Angelo include the sculpture of David, Moses, and the frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome
• Rembrandt painted "The Night Watch" between 1640-1642
• The painting illustrates a young captain giving orders to his lieutenant to march his Company civilians, with effective use of light and shadows
• The painting was initially thought to depict a night scene but was later discovered to represent broad daylight
• The painting shows mastery in depicting traditional-military portraits with expression