Ch 7

• Cubism is a style of painting and sculpture that began in Paris around 1907
• Cezanne was the pioneer of cubism and believed that everything in nature should be treated as a cylinder or sphere
• Important artists in cubism include Picasso, Braque, and Leger
• Cubist artists chose subjects like still life, landscapes, and portraits, breaking motifs into small parts to focus on construction rather than emotions
• Forms in cubism became increasingly abstract and generalized
• Surrealism started in 1924 and continued until 1955
• Surrealist artists used images of the unconscious in their works, influenced by psycho-analysis
• Giorgio de Chirico and Salvador Dali were famous surrealist painters
• Abstract art is a term for non-representational art that rejects realistic depiction of the contemporary world
• Pioneers of abstract art include Kandinsky, Delarunay, and Mondrian
• Abstract art aims to depict abstract ideas that cannot be represented realistically
• Pablo Picasso was a painter, sculptor, and ceramist born in 1881 in Malaga, Spain
• Picasso followed abstract composition principles and was influenced by symbolism
• Picasso's Cubist phase started in 1915, breaking three-dimensional forms into flat areas of pattern and color
• "Man with Violin" painted in 1912 by Picasso is an example of Analytical Cubism, depicting different viewpoints of objects at the same time
• Salvador Dali was a Spanish painter, film maker, and writer known for his highly realistic technique
• "Persistence of Memory" painted in 1931 by Dali is a fine example of Surrealist Movement, featuring melting clocks and a disturbed mind theme
• Wassily Kandinsky, born in 1866 in Russia, was a famous painter and art theoretician known for abstract painting
• Kandinsky's "Black Lines" painted in 1913 is a composition of lines and colored spots, showing simplicity and pure diagrams