B7 non-communicable diseases

• Non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, family history, and ethnicity. Modifiable risk factors include smoking, diet, exercise, alcohol use, infections, and environmental or occupational hazards.
• Cardiovascular disease is caused by damage to blood vessels due to high cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and unhealthy diets.
• Smoking is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as lung cancer and heart disease.
• Cancer refers to uncontrolled cell growth and division, leading to tumors and metastasis to other parts of the body.
• Cancer can be prevented through lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol consumption, protecting skin from UV rays, getting vaccinated against HPV, avoiding exposure to radiation and pollution, and eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables.
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of conditions characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow.