ARGUMENTATIVE ENGLISH

• Stage 1: Choosing a topic and writing the thesis statement

  Stage 2: Generating ideas

  Stage 3: Organizing ideas into an outline


  Stages on how to write argumentative essays
• Argumentation


  -present an opinion on a controversial topic to the reader

  -explain, clarify, and illustrate that opinion

  -persuade the reader that the opinion supported in the essay is valid by

  a. moving the reader to action

  b. convincing the reader that the opinion is correct

  c. persuading the reader that the opinion is at least worth considering

  -support the opinion by means of giving evidence: facts, examples, physical description, support of authority, and statistics

  -present counterarguments to the thesis and refute them respectfully and critically
• -Call to action

  -Quotation

  -Restate your opinion

  3 Parts of a Conclusion
• Model D


  -Thesis Statement

  -Counter Argument & Refutation I

  -Counter Argument & Refutation II

  -Counter Argument & Refutation III

  -Pro-argument

  -Conclusion
• Model C


  -Thesis Statement

  -Counter Argument & Refutation I

  -Counter Argument & Refutation II

  -Counter Argument & Refutation III

  -Conclusion
• Model B


  -Thesis Statement

  -Counter Argument & Refutation

  -Pro argument I

  -Pro argument II

  -Pro argument III

  -Conclusion
• Model A


  -Thesis Statement

  -Pro argument I

  -Pro argument II

  -Pro argument III

  -Counter Argument & Refutation

  -Conclusion
• Conclusion

  -a general statement that supports your claim or thesis statement

  -a quotation or call to action
• Body


  -present your evidence (Reason + Supporting details)

  -includes counterclaim + rebuttal
• Introduction


  -introduce the ISSUE

  -give background information

  -state your claim/thesis statement
• -Punctuations

  -Verbs: Singular or Plural, Verb Formation (tenses), subject verb agreement

  -Vocabulary

  -Choice of words

  -Misspelled words

  -Lack of information/knowledge about the topic


  common errors in writing essays (4)
• Con


  an argument against a claim or disadvantage regarding something
• Pro


  an argument in favor of a claim or advantage regarding something
• Rebuttal


  the response to the counterargument
• Counterargument


  an idea given by the opposing side against the claim given in the argumentative essay
• -statistics

  -data from studies

  -historical events

  -habitual practices

  -other facts that can support an argument

  Examples of evidences (5)
• Evidence


  facts in the real world that can be used to support an argument
• Argument


  -an idea that supports the claim

  -needs supporting evidences
• Claim


  -a statement by an author about an issue

  -has a significant amount of disagreement about it

  -needs supporting arguments

  -is a position, stand, or point of view
• Issue


  an idea about which the opinions of people are different
• Argumentative essay


  kind of writing that aims to make the reader agree with the writer's opinion about a controversial or debatable issue
• Essay


  a short piece of writing on a particular subject
• Argumentative


  having or showing a tendency to disagree or argue