Ucsp 2

• The module is divided into three lessons: Analyze the Concept, Aspects, and Changes of Culture and Society; Connection of anthropology to Culture; Explain the Importance of Cultural Relativism in Attaining Cultural Understanding
• Anthropology focuses on answering the question of what it means to be human
• Cultural changes in society, like those during the pandemic, are observed and discussed in the module
• Concept of Anthropology:

  • Anthropology is the study of humans by humans
  • Promotes a holistic study of humans
  • Derived from Greek words antropos (human) and logos (study)
  • Studies humans as both biological and social creatures
  • Inquires about genetic composition, relationship with other primates, and evolution
  • Includes research on the evolution of humans and various ethnic groupings and geographic locations
• Subdisciplines of Anthropology:

  • Applied anthropology: attempts to solve contemporary problems
  • Archaeology: examines remains of ancient human populations
  • Cultural anthropology: studies a society's culture through belief systems, practices, and possessions
  • Linguistic anthropology: examines language and its relation to culture
  • Physical anthropology: views biological development of humans and their contemporary variation
• Anthropology's holistic approach:

  • Studies humans as biological and social creatures
  • Studies human behavior from the past to present
  • Studies human behavior from all regions of the world
  • Studies all forms of human actions and beliefs
  • Addresses contemporary issues and informs public policy
• Connection of anthropology to Culture:

  • Cultural anthropology deals with culture in all its forms
  • Defines culture, how it interacts with people and other cultures, and how it changes over time
  • Culture is the sum of learned behaviors and beliefs passed on from generation to generation
  • Anthropology and culture are interrelated, with anthropology studying human actualization and culture being a factor of that actualization
• Importance of the connection:

  • Understanding the relationship between anthropology and culture is crucial for achieving a comprehensive understanding of human societies
  • Cultural anthropology provides insights into the diversity and dynamics of cultures worldwide
  • Anthropology helps in studying human behaviors, beliefs, and interactions within different cultural contexts
• Activity 6. Connect me!

  • Anthropology and culture are interrelated disciplines that provide insights into human actualization and the diversity of cultural practices
  • Understanding the connection between anthropology and culture is essential for comprehending the complexities of human societies and behaviors
• Society is an exchange of gestures that involves the use of symbols - George Herbert Mead
• Society is seen as a social organism possessing a harmony of structure and function - August Comte
• Society is defined as the complex of organized associations and institutions within a community - George Douglas Cole
• Society is a total complex of human relationships that grow out of actions in terms of means-end relationships - Talcott Parsons
• Society is considered a reality in its own right, with collective consciousness being crucial for its survival - Emile Durkheim
• Society is viewed as a system of usages and procedures of authority, mutual aid, groupings, and divisions of controls to human behavior and liberties - Robert Maclver and Charles Page
• Morris Ginsberg defines society as a collection of individuals united by certain relations or modes of behavior that differentiate them from others
• Common terms in these definitions include: Social, Structure, Symbols, Exchange, Function, Complex, Relationship, Behavior, System, Collective, Institutions
• The module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators from public and private institutions
• The module aims to help learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
• The learning resource engages learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time
• The module includes an introductory message for facilitators and learners
• The module is divided into three lessons: Analyze the Concept, Aspects and Changes of Culture and Society; Connection of anthropology to Culture; Explain the Importance of Cultural Relativism in Attaining Cultural Understanding
• Most Essential Learning Competencies include analyzing the concept, aspects, and changes of culture and society, and explaining the importance of cultural relativism in attaining cultural understanding
• After completing the module, learners are expected to explain the importance of the contribution of anthropologists and sociologists, analyze the concept of culture and society, define cultural relativism, and explain its importance in attaining cultural understanding
• The module includes activities such as What I Know, What's In, What's New, What is It, What's More, What I Have Learned, What I Can Do, Assessment, and Additional Activities
• The module provides an Answer Key at the end for checking answers
• Reminders for using the module include using it with care, not marking on the module, answering What I Know before other activities, reading instructions carefully, observing honesty and integrity, finishing tasks before moving on, and returning the module to the teacher/facilitator once done
• References are listed at the end of the module
• The module is designed to help learners master their understanding regarding the Development of Humans as Cultural, Social, and Political Actors
• The language used in the module recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students
• Anthropology key strength as a discipline of social science is its holistic approach to the study of humans
• Anthropology studies humans as both biological and social creatures
• Anthropology inquires about the genetic composition of humans, their relationship with other primates, and their evolution
• Anthropology studies human culture behaviors, attitudes, and belief systems
• Anthropology can be defined as “the study of people- their origins, their development, and contemporary variations, wherever they have been found on the face of the earth”
• Subdisciplines of anthropology:

  • Applied anthropology attempts to solve contemporary problems
  • Archaeology examines the remains of ancient and historical human populations
  • Cultural anthropology studies a society’s culture through their belief systems, practices, and possessions
  • Linguistic anthropology examines the language of a group of people and its relation to their culture
  • Physical anthropology views the biological development of humans and their contemporary variation
• Culture enables humans to survive in their environment according to anthropologists
• Culture refers to a group or community which shares common experiences that shape the way its members understand the world
• Culture influences views, values, humor, hopes, loyalties, worries, and fears of people
• Culture consists of beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society