CONS CHEM - reci

• Viscosity:

  • Resistance to flow
  • Important for:
  • Checking for application
  • Easy dispensing and using the right amount
  • Suiting customer's conception
• Forms of cosmetics:

  • Liquid:
  • Examples: perfume, mist, skin toner
  • Gel:
  • Examples: hair gel, viscous hair oil
  • Foaming gel:
  • Examples: body wash, shampoo, facial cleanser
  • Serum:
  • Examples: vitamin C serum, facial serum
  • Lotion:
  • Examples: emulsion, body lotion
  • Cream:
  • Examples: anti-aging creams, oil in water emulsion, water in oil emulsion
  • Powder:
  • Examples: baby powder, blush, most makeup products
• Other forms:

  • Balms:
  • Example: lipstick
  • Mud:
  • Example: mud clay mask
  • Scrub:
  • Example: body mask
• Four main categories of cosmetic ingredients:

  • Functional ingredient: main ingredient chosen to perform the primary function
  • Structural ingredient: provides structure
  • Supportive ingredient: improves stability and shelf life
  • Added extra: added in small amounts to make the product more marketable
• Cosmetic ingredients:

  • Abrasives: remove skin cells or plaque through friction
  • Antioxidants: reduce oxidation and rancidity, act as supportive ingredients to lengthen shelf life
  • Chelating agents: improve product stability by binding metal ions, essential in foaming products
  • Colorants: give color to a product or skin
  • Cosmetic astringents: induce tightening and toning effect on the skin
  • Emulsion stabilizer: stabilizes emulsions and prevents separation of oil and water
  • Exfoliant: remove dead skin cells layers by dissolving intracellular "cement"
• • Fragrance: enhances product's smell or masks undesirable odors
  • Hair conditioning agents: condition and improve hair's appearance, gloss, shine, and texture
  • Hair fixatives: hold hair in styles in place
  • Opacifying agents: make products appear pearlescent and rich
  • pH adjuster: adjust the pH of the product to desired range
  • Preservative: prevent microbial growth in cosmetics
  • Skin conditioning agents:
  • Emollients: impart softness to skin and reduce flaking
  • Humectants: hold water within skin layers and draw in moisture
  • Occlusive: block evaporation of water from the skin
• Cosmetic ingredients continued:

  • Solvents: dissolve constituents or act as carriers
  • Sunscreen: protect skin from UV radiation
  • Surfactants:
  • Cleansing agents: produce foam and clean skin or hair
  • Emulsifying agents: mix oils and water in an emulsion
  • Solubilizers: dissolve substances insoluble in a continuous medium
• Viscosity changing agents:

  • Viscosity increasing agents (aqueous): thicken water-soluble components
  • Viscosity increasing agents (non-aqueous): thicken oil-soluble components